Fish culture in biofloc technology (BFT): Insights on stocking density carbon sources, C/N ratio, fish nutrition and health

Oliveira, Luciana Kelly; Wasielesky, Wilson; Tesser, Marcelo Borges

doi:10.1016/j.aaf.2022.08.010

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 125 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They are united in a matrix together with particular organic material suspended in culture water, where bacteria perform the function of improving water quality, waste treatment, and, in some cases, disease resistance (El‐Sayed, 2019). In biofloc, the addition of external sources of organic carbon allows an increase in the carbon: nitrogen (C:N) ratio in the water column, which favors the rapid development of heterotrophic bacteria that immobilize dissolved inorganic nitrogen (Oliveira et al, 2022). Bacteria assimilate residual nitrogen from fish waste and uneaten food scraps into a protein‐rich microbial biofilm that is easily accessible to fish, improving growth rate (Haraz et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fermented malted barley by‐product as partial feed replacement and carbon source for rearing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles

Cabanillas‐Gámez,

Gómez‐Cadena,

Galaviz

et al. 2024

J World Aquaculture Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present research evaluates the performance of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (initial weight 11.5 ± 0.07 g) with biofloc technology. For this purpose, spent grains (malted barley) from the brewing industry after aerobic fermentation were used, as both a carbon source (suspended solids) and partial substitute for the diets at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% levels (settleable solids). The partial 20% substitution of the diet did not have significant effects on the biological parameters: final body weight, weight gained, average body weight, specific growth rate, daily growth index, condition factor, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency rate, and viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indices. However, the dietary substitution showed a significant effect on the final biofloc chemical composition. Nitrogen compounds, NH4+, NO2−, and NO3−, were adequate for tilapia cultivation in all the treatments. No clear effect of partial dietary substitution was observed on meat quality parameters: pH, color, water holding capacity, and amino acid and fatty acid profile of fillet. The results suggest that a 20% substitution of the diet for malted barley is suitable for satisfactory biological parameters and Nile tilapia fillet quality.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fermented malted barley by‐product as partial feed replacement and carbon source for rearing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles

Cabanillas‐Gámez,

Gómez‐Cadena,

Galaviz

et al. 2024

J World Aquaculture Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Culture systems can be supplemented with organic carbon sources, such as tapioca, glucose, corn, wheat, acetate, molasses, and glycerol [9]. The kind and quantity of storage polymers and the flocs' overall composition are determined mainly by the organic carbon source [10]. Compared to conventional practices for farming fish species, BFT is more efficient regarding water and feed usage [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofloc System with Different Carbon Sources Improved Growth, Haematology, Nonspecific Immunity, and Resistivity against the Aeromonas hydrophila in Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio

Tasleem,

Alotaibi,

Masud

et al. 2024

Aquaculture Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biofloc technology (BFT) is one of the most sustainable aquaculture system, which is based on the principle of nutrient recycling and addition of carbon to enable heterotrophic microorganisms to the system. To evaluate the performance of the biofloc culture system for Cyprinus carpio fingerlings, a 60-day growth trial was conducted. The fingerlings (n = 600) of average body weight (4.92 g ± 0.14) were stocked in 12 circular fiberglass tanks (300 L, volume 10.59 cft) to form three biofloc treatments (T1, T2, and T3) along with one control group. The carbon sources for treatments were sugarcane molasses, tapioca, and wheat. The C/N ratio of 15 was maintained for all treatments. After 60 days of rearing, the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, and the relative percentage survival (RPS) was observed over 14 days. A haematological, nonspecific immune, and stress parameters were analyzed using blood and serum samples collected at intervals of 20, 40, and 60 days. According to the results, the carbon sources affected the water quality parameters but were still adequate for fish welfare. An increased biofloc volume was observed with tapioca. Growth performance and better feed conversion ratio were recorded in biofloc with the tapioca group. The hematological parameters, including haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly (P <0.05) higher in biofloc-based tapioca group than in other treatments and control. Further, the serum protein, globulin, albumin, total immunoglobulin, and respiratory burst activity were also found significantly (P <0.05) higher in biofloc with tapioca as carbon source. However, the lysozyme activity was higher in biofloc with the wheat group. The RPS in tapioca was significantly higher, followed by biofloc with wheat. In conclusion, the tapioca-based biofloc can improve C. carpio growth, haematology, and nonspecific immune response under zero water exchange.

show abstract

“…However, the solid waste of fish feces cannot be utilized properly. This is in fact different from biofloc, which plays a role in ammonia assimilation through the addition of organic carbon and utilizes fish feces as a substance for bacterial growth and floc formation (Oliveira et al, 2022;Bossier & Ekasari, 2017;Pérez-Fuentes et al, 2016;Ekasari et al, 2014). Nevertheless, the nitrate waste formed in biofloc remains unutilized to produce vegetable crop production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and mineral balance in aquaponic, biofloc, and aquabioponic culture systems

Albani

Budiardi

Hadiroseyani

et al. 2023

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aquaponics and biofloc are aquaculture techniques for reducing nitrogenous waste with less water exchange. Aquaponics reduces nitrate (NO3-) through the role of vegetable plants, while biofloc assimilates ammonia (NH4+) through the role of floc-forming bacteria. In this study a collaboration was designed between aquaponics and biofloc called aquabioponics. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of tilapia production, as well as to observe the dynamics of P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu minerals formed in the system. This study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications, namely aquaponics (AP), biofloc (BF), and aquabioponics (AB). The AP integrates water in fish tank with vegetable, and does not use additional organic carbon sources. BF uses the addition of an organic carbon source, but does not integrate vegetables. Meanwhile, AB uses the addition of an organic carbon source (half of the dose in BF) and also integrates vegetables. Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus with a length of 5.56 ± 0.13 cm and a weight of 5.92 ± 0.47 g totaling 200 individuals were monitored for 60 days in a fiber tank containing 500 L of water in each treatment. The vegetables used in the AP and AB are Pok Choi which is harvested every 30 days. In this study, aquabioponics is a system that produces the best tilapia production performance. The minerals Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Cu are thought to be essential in aquaponics and aquabioponics, while Mg is thought to be essential in bioflocs. Keywords: aquaponic, aquabioponic, biofloc, minerals, Nile tilapia ABSTRAK Akuaponik dan bioflok adalah teknik akuakultur untuk mereduksi limbah nitrogen dengan sedikit pertukaran air. Akuaponik mereduksi nitrat (NO3-) melalui peran tanaman sayuran, sedangkan bioflok mengasimilasi amonia (NH4+) melalui peran bakteri pembentuk flok. Penelitian ini merancang kolaborasi antara akuaponik dan bioflok yang disebut akuabioponik. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja produksi ikan nila, serta mengamati dinamika mineral P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, dan Cu yang terbentuk di dalam sistem. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu akuaponik (AP), bioflok (BF), dan akuabioponik (AB). AP mengintegrasikan air pemeliharaan ikan dengan penanaman sayur, dan tidak menggunakan penambahan sumber karbon organik. BF menggunakan penambahan sumber karbon organik, namun tidak menggintegrasikan sayuran. AB menggunakan penambahan sumber karbon organik (setengah dari dosis pada BF) dan juga mengintegrasikan sayuran. Ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus dengan panjang 5.56±0.13 cm dan bobot 5.92 ± 0.47 g sebanyak 200 ekor dipelihara selama 60 hari pada bak fiber berisi 500 L air di setiap perlakuan. Sayuran pada AP dan AB adalah Pok Choi yang dipanen setiap 30 hari. Pada penelitian ini, akuabioponik merupakan sistem yang menghasilkan kinerja produksi ikan nila terbaik. Mineral Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, dan Cu diduga esensial pada akuaponik dan akuabioponik, sedangkan pada bioflok mineral yang diduga esensial adalah Mg. Kata kunci: akuaponik, akuabioponik, bioflok, ikan nila, mineral

show abstract

Fish culture in biofloc technology (BFT): Insights on stocking density carbon sources, C/N ratio, fish nutrition and health

Cited by 13 publications

References 125 publications

Use of fermented malted barley by‐product as partial feed replacement and carbon source for rearing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles

Use of fermented malted barley by‐product as partial feed replacement and carbon source for rearing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles

Biofloc System with Different Carbon Sources Improved Growth, Haematology, Nonspecific Immunity, and Resistivity against the Aeromonas hydrophila in Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio

Production performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and mineral balance in aquaponic, biofloc, and aquabioponic culture systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About