Fish and Amphibian Alloherpesviruses (Herpesviridae)

Abstract

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Genomes of Anguillid Herpesvirus 1 Strains Reveal Evolutionary Disparities and Low Genetic Diversity in the Genus Cyprinivirus

“…4 One base pair deletion creating a frameshift, with reading frame subsequently restored by 1 bp insertion 83 bp downstream. 5 These strains have the same initial 1 bp deletion in ORF112 as described in footnote 4 above but without the compensating 1 bp insertion 83 bp downstream leading to a premature stop codon relative to other isolates.…”

“…The family Malacoherpesviridae consists of herpesviruses of molluscs and has only two species. The family Alloherpesviridae consists of herpesviruses of amphibians (genus Batrachovirus ) and fish (genera Salmonivirus, Ictalurivirus and Cypriniviru s) and contains 13 species [ 5 ]. Most alloherpesviruses described to date have been recognized because they cause disease outbreaks associated with mass mortalities that have serious impacts on wildlife ecology or the productivity of the aquaculture sector.…”

“…All members of the order Herpesvirales have a virion that is conserved in structure and contains a large, linear double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome. However, the tenuous genetic relationships among the three families indicate that the origin of the order is very ancient [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The most convincingly conserved gene indicating this origin encodes an ATPase involved in viral genome encapsidation that is known as DNA packaging terminase subunit 1 (hereafter called terminase) [ 1 ].…”

“…The genus Cyprinivirus comprises the alloherpesviruses of cyprinids (cyprinid herpesvirus 1, 2 and 3 (CyHV-1, -2 and -3)) and eel (anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1)) [ 5 ]. CyHV-1 and CyHV-3 infect common and koi carp ( Cyprinus carpio species), CyHV-2 infects goldfish, Crucian carp and Gibel carp (all of which are Carassius species), and AngHV-1 infects Japanese eels ( Anguilla japonica ) and European eels ( Anguilla anguilla ) [ 9 , 10 ].…”

“…The genus Cyprinivirus comprises the alloherpesviruses of cyprinids (cyprinid herpesvirus 1, 2 and 3 (CyHV-1, -2 and -3)) and eel (anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1)) [5].…”