Fish Analysis Containing Biogenic Amines Using Gas Chromatography Equipped With Flame Ionization And Mass Spectrometer Detectors

Abstract

Biogenic amines generally can be found in fish due to amines in fish undergoing a degradation process. According to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), biogenic amines in fish and fish products can cause harm to consumers if consumed more than 50 µg/mL. Thus, it is important to analyze them. Five biogenic amines such as heptylamine, histamine, tyramine, cadaverine and spermidine were extracted using soaking method with methanol 50% (v/v), afterward they were detected in fish and fish products using gas chromatography – flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and the biogenic amines structures were confirmed using mass spectrometry (MS). The detection limits (DLs) were range at 1.20 – 2.90 µg/mL. Histamine was detected in fish and fish products such as sardine (Sardinella gibosa) and mackerel (Scomberomorus guttatus) at concentration of 5.96 and 2.69 µg/mL, respectively, whereas cadaverine was found in sardine (Sardinella gibosa) at concentration of 4.96 µg/mL. Histamine concentrations in this study were detected below 50 µg/mL which is below the permissible threshold associated with scombroid poisoing.

Design and Synthesis of Conducting Polymer Bio-Based Polyurethane Produced from Palm Kernel Oil

“…In the recent past, several conventional methods have been developed such as capillary electrophoresis, liquid, and gas chromatography coupled with several detectors. Nevertheless, although chromatographic and spectrometric approaches are well developed for qualitative and quantitative analyses of analytes, several limitations emerged such as complicated instrumentation, expensive, tedious sample preparations, and requiring large amounts of expensive solvents that will harm the users and environment [22][23][24][30][31][32][33]. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain and develop an alternative material that can be used to analyze a specific analyte.…”

The Chemometric Approach for Verification of Paracetamol Level in Pharmacies Products Using Spectrophotometer UV-Vis

“…Moreover, several users combine the application of paracetamol with other pharmaceutical products as illustrated in Figure 2 (Saroj et al, 2022). & Nahed, 2017;Inayatullah et al, 2021;Mohamed et al, 2018). However, the application of HPLC and UV approaches are promising to do the verification of paracetamol level in pharmaceutical products (Dang et al, 2020;Dave & Mashru, 2022;Alkhafaji & Mahood, 2019;Munir et al, 2021;Palur et al, 2020).…”

A Modest Uv Spectrophotometric Assisted by Chemometric Approach for Verification of Acetaminophen Level in Various Manufactured Tablets and Syrups in Indonesian Pharmacies

“…Consideration of a suitable method is required, such as fast, modest, inexpensive, and at the same time, the method does not influence the reliability, precision, and accuracy of the results. The studies have unveiled numerous techniques for the detection of drugs, whether in single or multicomponents [7][8][9]. Furthermore, only HPLC and UV approaches can be applied for the determination of paracetamol [10][11][12][13][14].…”