First Step into Visceral Interaction with Autonomous Vehicles

Zimmermann, Raphael; Wettach, Reto

doi:10.1145/3122986.3122988

Cited by 58 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Vehicles will probably be able to communicate among each other, share the knowledge of hazards and obstacles, drive in platoons, slot in between each other at junctions, and make decisions based on information beyond occupants' field of view. Driving efficiently may sometimes involve performing manoeuvres that can be considered misconduct or may make people uneasy [50]. Users may be unsure of the reasons behind vehicle behaviours, and assertive driving seems unsafe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pedestrians tend to rely more on the motion patterns and behaviours of vehicles to make decisions during traffic negotiations. One lab study presented a vehicle with different rates of acceleration, deceleration and stopping distances, and concluded that AVs should present obvious expressions to be clear about their intent in traffic [50]. Mahadevan et al [51] suggest that AV's movement patterns are key for safe and effective interaction with pedestrians and that this information could be reinforced by other explicit communication cues.…”

Section: Avs Vs Pedestriansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Driving Style: How Should an Automated Vehicle Behave?

et al. 2019

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This article reports on a study to investigate how the driving behaviour of autonomous vehicles influences trust and acceptance. Two different designs were presented to two groups of participants (n = 22/21), using actual autonomously driving vehicles. The first was a vehicle programmed to drive similarly to a human, “peeking” when approaching road junctions as if it was looking before proceeding. The second design had a vehicle programmed to convey the impression that it was communicating with other vehicles and infrastructure and “knew” if the junction was clear so could proceed without ever stopping or slowing down. Results showed non-significant differences in trust between the two vehicle behaviours. However, there were significant increases in trust scores overall for both designs as the trials progressed. Post-interaction interviews indicated that there were pros and cons for both driving styles, and participants suggested which aspects of the driving styles could be improved. This paper presents user information recommendations for the design and programming of driving systems for autonomous vehicles, with the aim of improving their users’ trust and acceptance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Avs Vs Pedestriansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Style: How Should an Automated Vehicle Behave?

et al. 2019

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“…Existing work and literature specific to incident management in automated public transport is still rather limited, with most work focusing on incident management in cars in relation to take-over-requests (TORs), acceptance of automated buses in general, or communication between automated buses and passengers or the driving environment in mostly non-emergency conditions (e.g., [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppose your bus broke down and nobody came

Mirnig

Gärtner

Füssl

et al. 2020

Pers Ubiquit Comput

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The absence of a human driver creates novel challenges for fully automated public transport. Passengers are likely to have different expectations, needs, or even fears when traveling without a driver in potentially dangerous situations. We present the results from two field studies in which we explored incident management in a driverless shuttle bus. We explored participant’s behavior and willingness to assist in solving problems in a variety of scenarios where the bus suddenly stops for technical reasons or a hypothesized situation of harassment. In a follow-up study, we focused on auditory remote assistance and investigated problem solving through the passengers. We found that diffusion of responsibility is an existent barrier, when passengers are involved in the resolving of potentially dangerous situations. It can be overcome, when incident-relevant instructions are designed explicitly, briefly, timely, distinguishable from regular on-trip information, and address auditory and visual sensory channels alike.

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“…Existing studies varied the AV driving behaviors and explored pedestrian trust through behaviors such as willingness to cross, crossing paths, and comfort of crossing (Rothenbücher et al, 2016 ; Pillai, 2017 ; Zimmermann and Wettach, 2017 ). For example, Rothenbücher et al ( 2016 ) explored the reactions of pedestrians upon encountering an AV.…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrian Trust in Automated Vehicles: Role of Traffic Signal and AV Driving Behavior

et al. 2019

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Pedestrians' acceptance of automated vehicles (AVs) depends on their trust in the AVs. We developed a model of pedestrians' trust in AVs based on AV driving behavior and traffic signal presence. To empirically verify this model, we conducted a human-subject study with 30 participants in a virtual reality environment. The study manipulated two factors: AV driving behavior (defensive, normal, and aggressive) and the crosswalk type (signalized and unsignalized crossing). Results indicate that pedestrians' trust in AVs was influenced by AV driving behavior as well as the presence of a signal light. In addition, the impact of the AV's driving behavior on trust in the AV depended on the presence of a signal light. There were also strong correlations between trust in AVs and certain observable trusting behaviors such as pedestrian gaze at certain areas/objects, pedestrian distance to collision, and pedestrian jaywalking time. We also present implications for design and future research.

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First Step into Visceral Interaction with Autonomous Vehicles

Cited by 58 publications

References 4 publications

Driving Style: How Should an Automated Vehicle Behave?

Driving Style: How Should an Automated Vehicle Behave?

Suppose your bus broke down and nobody came

Pedestrian Trust in Automated Vehicles: Role of Traffic Signal and AV Driving Behavior

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