First Report of Sugarcane Red Leaf Mottle Virus in Sudan.

Chatenet, Michèle; Saeed, Ibrahim O.

doi:10.1094/pd-79-0321b

Cited by 6 publications

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“…In contrast, sorghum, pearl millet and finger millet are ancient and traditional crops of Indian agriculture. They were introduced from western and eastern Africa (Norman et al ., 1984), where pecluviruses have been reported to occur (Thouvenel et al ., 1988; Chatenet & Saeed, 1995). It is suggested that pecluviruses are not typical groundnut viruses, but actually graminaceous viruses that possibly coevolved in tropical and subtropical areas with wild grasses and cereal crops such as millets and sorghum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Polymyxa graminis and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) infection on various monocotyledonous crops and groundnut during the rainy season

et al. 2002

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The progress of Indian peanut clump virus (Hyderabad isolate; IPCV-H) and its vector Polymyxa graminis in various monocotyledonous crops and groundnut was studied during the 1994, 1995 and 1996 rainy seasons in a naturally infested field in India. The roles of rainfall and temperature in the dynamics of infection by both the virus and its vector were analysed by exposing young seedlings for short periods in the field. Of the host crops studied, wheat, followed by barley, showed the highest virus incidence, although P. graminis was rarely observed in roots of wheat and was not detected in those of barley. The roots of maize, pearl millet and sorghum plants infected by P. graminis showed intense colonization by sporosori. IPCV accumulated in systemically infected maize plants; the sorghum and pearl millet cultivars studied showed a transient presence of IPCV-H. Rice was seldom infected by the virus and P. graminis was not detected in its roots. Groundnut was a systemic host for the virus, although during these experiments no P. graminis was found in its roots. Groundnut appeared to be susceptible to infection, mostly in the early stages of crop development, and the rate of IPCV-H transmission in groundnut seeds was highest (13%) for plants infected when young. The seedtransmission rate quickly decreased in plants showing symptoms 1 month after sowing. Time of infection had little influence on groundnut pod yield, which was always reduced by >60% in infected plants. There was some evidence that the quantity and distribution of rainfall influenced the incidences of IPCV-H and P. graminis : high rainfall resulted in high incidences of the virus and P. graminis , and a weekly rainfall of 14 mm was sufficient for P. graminis to initiate infection. Temperatures prevailing during the rainy season ranged from 23 to 30 ° C and were found to be conducive to natural virus transmission. These results suggest measures to be explored for controlling peanut clump disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Polymyxa graminis and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) infection on various monocotyledonous crops and groundnut during the rainy season

et al. 2002

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“…Particle lengths range from 200 to 250-300 nm and the diameter is approximately 20 nm (Figure 5). The virus can also be detected in leaves, stalks and roots by various serological methods (ELISA, dot-blot, tissue-blot) using an antiserum prepared with purified virus (BAUDIN and CHATENET, 1988;CHATENET and SAEED, 1995).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A guide to sugarcane diseases

2000

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Sugarcane is a member of the family Gramineae and it belongs to the genus Saccharum (S.) (Tribe: Andropogoneae). The six known species are perennial grasses which ori ginated in the Old World. Saccharum spontaneum and S. robustum occur in the wild, while the four other species are considered as cultigens.Saccharum spontaneum L. (2n = 40-128) has profuse tillering, aggressive rhizomes, stalks 0.3 to 8 m in height, hard and pithy internodes with little juice and sucrose. Breeders use it for vigour, hardiness and resistance to major diseases. is indigenous to New Guinea and has erect or recumbent stalks which may reach 10 m in height. lt is used to a limited extent in breeding programmes because of its susceptibility to leaf scald and Sugarcane mosaic virus. Saccharum officinarum L. (2n = 80) is known as the 'Noble' cane due to its thick and sweet stems. lt probably originated in New Guinea and is grown in the south-western Pacifie for chewing. Saccharum officinarum reached Hawaii about AD 800 and was first used in lndia to make sugar. The species is adapted to tropical conditions and the stalks have a comparatively high sucrose and low film~ cu11le11l. The noble cdnes dre uflen susceplible Lo 111ajor diseases. Saccharum robustumSaccharum barberi Jeswiet (2n = 82-142), S. sinense Roxb. (2n = 118) and S. edule Hassk. (2n = 74) also have a lower fibre and higher sucrose content than the two wild species. They are also susceptible to diseases. EpidemiologyFlooding is the main factor associated with bacterial mottle. The disease is more prevalent in years of heavy flooding. Usually the disease only affects a small number of plants in a field and does not spread rapidly . Economie importanceBacterial mottle does not cause significant yield lasses because of the restricted spread of the disease. ContraiNo active contrai measures are practised for bacterial mottle. Sorne varieties are resistant to the disease. Destruction of infected plants and grasses around sugarcane fields cou Id limit spread but these practices have not been justified. 30Diseases caused by bacteria : False red stripe evaluations and/or tests are necessary to screen sugarcane genotypes for FRS resistance and thus increase the frequency of resistant genotypes being produced by variety improvement programmes. References

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“…comm.). In Africa, the red leaf mottle disease occurring on sugarcane (Saccharum L. interspecific hybrids) was shown to be caused by PCV (Baudin and Chatenet, 1988;Chatenet, 1995). P. graminis was also detected on a wide range of species in an IPCV-infested field, including monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, but profuse sporosori production occurred only on monocotyledonous species (Ratna et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Legrève

Vanpee

Delfosse

et al. 2000

European Journal of Plant Pathology

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The host range of Polymyxa graminis isolates originating from peanut clump-infested areas in India (Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan), Pakistan and Senegal was studied on monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous cultivated species, using known quantities of sporosori as inoculum. Profuse multiplication occurred only on some graminaceous species, but the various isolates showed different host specificity. All the isolates produced high infection on sorghum and pearl millet, and all but one isolate from Rajasthan infected maize. Wheat, rye and barley were susceptible to some of the tested isolates. The isolates from Rajasthan and Pakistan produced moderate to severe infection on at least one of these species. On rice, groundnut and sugar beet, only traces of infection by some isolates were detected, whereas no infection was observed on mustard and sunflower. Differences of susceptibility in Pennisetum spp. and Sorghum spp. were demonstrated. The variations in host specificity among isolates from peanut clump-infested areas may result from an adaptation of P. graminis populations to various biotopes. The implications of these results for the management of peanut clump disease are discussed. A comparison of the host ranges of isolates of P. graminis and P. betae from temperate areas demonstrated that distinct types of Polymyxa might be identified based on their relative ability to multiply on susceptible species. Nevertheless, overlapping in the host ranges among the different Polymyxa types, characterised by distinct ecological and genomic features, raises doubts about the host range as a classification criterion for the Polymyxa genus. Abbreviation: (I)PCV-(Indian) peanut clump virus.

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First Report of Sugarcane Red Leaf Mottle Virus in Sudan.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamics of Polymyxa graminis and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) infection on various monocotyledonous crops and groundnut during the rainy season

Dynamics of Polymyxa graminis and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) infection on various monocotyledonous crops and groundnut during the rainy season

A guide to sugarcane diseases

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