First Report of Potato Cyst Nematode, <i>Globodera rostochiensis</i>, Infecting Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) in Uganda

Cortada, Laura; Omagwa, Joseph; Kisitu, J.; Adhiambo, Melvin; Haukeland, Solveig; Mburu, Harrison N.; Orr, Jamie; Jones, John T.; Wasukira, Arthur; Kisingiri, Joyce Brenda; Tugume, Joab; Birenge, Johnbosco; Okonya, Joshua Sikhu; Coyne, Daniel

doi:10.1094/pdis-10-19-2110-pdn

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Several factors including the lack of quality seed, poor agronomic practices and PCN and diseases are major contributors to this decline (Kaguongo et al, 2014). Recently, the potential impact of G. rostochiensis has been further highlighted, which has now been confirmed to be widespread across Kenya (Mwangi et al, 2015;Mburu et al, 2020) and present within regions in Rwanda (Niragire et al, 2019) and Uganda (Cortada et al, 2020). As such, PCN poses a major threat to potato production on a regional level (Mburu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mediation of Potato–Potato Cyst Nematode, G. rostochiensis Interaction by Specific Root Exudate Compounds

et al. 2020

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a widely consumed staple food crop worldwide whose production is threatened by potato cyst nematodes (PCN). To infect a host, PCN eggs first need to be stimulated to hatch by chemical components in the host root exudates, yet it remains unknown how most root exudate components influence PCN behavior. Here, we evaluated the influence of eight compounds identified by LC-QqQ-MS in the root exudate of potato on the hatching response of the PCN, Globodera rostochiensis at varying doses. The eight compounds included the amino acids tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine; phytohormones zeatin and methyl dihydrojasmonate; steroidal glycoalkaloids α-solanine and α-chaconine and the steroidal alkaloid solanidine. We additionally tested two other Solanaceae steroidal alkaloids, solasodine and tomatidine, previously identified in the root exudates of tomato, an alternative host for PCN. In dose-response assays with the individual compounds, the known PCN hatching factors α-chaconine and α-solanine stimulated the highest number of eggs to hatch, ∼47 and ∼42%, respectively, whereas the steroidal alkaloids (aglycones), solanidine and solasodine and potato root exudate (PRE) were intermediate, 28% each and 21%, respectively, with tomatidine eliciting the lowest hatching response 13%. However, ∼60% of the hatched juveniles failed to emerge from the cyst, which was compoundand concentration-dependent. The amino acids, phytohormones and the negative control (1% DMSO in water), however, were generally non-stimulatory. The use of steroidal glycoalkaloids and their aglycones in the suicidal hatching of PCN offers promise as an environmentally sustainable approach to manage this pest.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mediation of Potato–Potato Cyst Nematode, G. rostochiensis Interaction by Specific Root Exudate Compounds

et al. 2020

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“…pallida and is more common in temperate and tropical climates. PCNs have spread to southern African countries and Indonesia. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato Cyst Nematode Management Strategies: Current Situation and Promising Approaches

Sukhanova

Boyandin

Ertiletskaya

2022

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) pose a great challenge for potato cultivation throughout the world. Being a rather difficult parasite due to a number of its physiological features, specifically a long-term viability of the eggs, PCNs cause drastic damage to worldwide agriculture. There are several approaches to prevent the spread of these pests, primarily using synthetic nematicides as well as biological products on a bacterial and fungal basis and application of agrophytocenotic methods. However, each of these conventional approaches has its considerable disadvantages. As a result, given the high yield losses caused by PCNs and the limited efficacy of conventional approaches to deal with this problem, a new means of pest control needs to be sought and researched. Development of long-acting preparations deposited with nematicidal ingredients could be a novel prospective approach for PCNs management.

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“…pallida was reported from Idaho in the USA, which is among the most important potato‐growing regions in the USA (Hafez et al., 2007), necessitating major efforts to contain and eradicate this outbreak (e.g., Contina et al., 2020). However, of potentially even greater significance is the discovery of PCN in a number of sub‐Saharan African countries (Cortada et al, 2020; Mwangi et al., 2015; Niragire et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent surveys have identified G . rostochiensis in Rwanda (Niragire et al., 2019) and Uganda (Cortada et al, 2020), indicating a more region‐wide problem. Potato is cultivated in alignment with the two rainy seasons that occur each year, and mostly by smallholder farmers, who practise little or no rotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida

Price

Coyne

Blok

et al. 2021

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Taxonomy Phylum Nematoda; class Chromadorea; order Rhabditida; suborder Tylenchina; infraorder Tylenchomorpha; superfamily Tylenchoidea; family Heteroderidae; subfamily Heteroderinae; Genus Globodera. Biology Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are biotrophic, sedentary endoparasitic nematodes. Invasive (second) stage juveniles (J2) hatch from eggs in response to the presence of host root exudates and subsequently locate and invade the host. The nematodes induce the formation of a large, multinucleate syncytium in host roots, formed by fusion of up to 300 root cell protoplasts. The nematodes rely on this single syncytium for the nutrients required to develop through a further three moults to the adult male or female stage. This extended period of biotrophy—between 4 and 6 weeks in total—is almost unparalleled in plant–pathogen interactions. Females remain at the root while adult males revert to the vermiform body plan of the J2 and leave the root to locate and fertilize the female nematodes. The female body forms a cyst that contains the next generation of eggs. Host range The host range of PCN is limited to plants of the Solanaceae family. While the most economically important hosts are potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and aubergine (Solanum melongena), over 170 species of Solanaceae are thought to be potential hosts for PCN (Sullivan et al., 2007). Disease symptoms Symptoms are similar to those associated with nutrient deficiency, such as stunted growth, yellowing of leaves and reduced yields. This absence of specific symptoms reduces awareness of the disease among growers. Disease control Resistance genes (where available in suitable cultivars), application of nematicides, crop rotation. Great effort is put into reducing the spread of PCN through quarantine measures and use of certified seed stocks. Useful websites Genomic information for PCN is accessible through WormBase ParaSite.

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First Report of Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, Infecting Potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Uganda

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Mediation of Potato–Potato Cyst Nematode, G. rostochiensis Interaction by Specific Root Exudate Compounds

Mediation of Potato–Potato Cyst Nematode, G. rostochiensis Interaction by Specific Root Exudate Compounds

Potato Cyst Nematode Management Strategies: Current Situation and Promising Approaches

Potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida

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