First Report of <i>Serratia marcescens</i> Causing a Leaf Spot Disease on Industrial Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i>)

Schappe, Tyler; Ritchie, D. F.; Thiessen, Lindsey

doi:10.1094/pdis-04-19-0782-pdn

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This strain was absent in our analysis as we collected only complete level assemblies. However, the clade contained one presumably plant-pathogenic sample B3R3 shown to be close to the S. marcescens strain causing leaf spot disease on industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) (Schappe et al, 2019) and BP2 strain found in seeds of Jatropha curcas with unknown activity. It must be noted that strain U36365 which fell into this phylogenetic group was described as resistant to antibiotic therapy causative agent of urinary tract infection (Sahni et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The man, the plant, and the insect: shooting host specificity determinants in Serratia marcescens pangenome

Shikov,

Merkushova,

Savina

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionSerratia marcescens is most commonly known as an opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections. It, however, was shown to infect a wide range of hosts apart from vertebrates such as insects or plants as well, being either pathogenic or growth-promoting for the latter. Despite being extensively studied in terms of virulence mechanisms during human infections, there has been little evidence of which factors determine S. marcescens host specificity. On that account, we analyzed S. marcescens pangenome to reveal possible specificity factors.MethodsWe selected 73 high-quality genome assemblies of complete level and reconstructed the respective pangenome and reference phylogeny based on core genes alignment. To find an optimal pipeline, we tested current pangenomic tools and obtained several phylogenetic inferences. The pangenome was rich in its accessory component and was considered open according to the Heaps’ law. We then applied the pangenome-wide associating method (pan-GWAS) and predicted positively associated gene clusters attributed to three host groups, namely, humans, insects, and plants.ResultsAccording to the results, significant factors relating to human infections included transcriptional regulators, lipoproteins, ABC transporters, and membrane proteins. Host preference toward insects, in its turn, was associated with diverse enzymes, such as hydrolases, isochorismatase, and N-acetyltransferase with the latter possibly exerting a neurotoxic effect. Finally, plant infection may be conducted through type VI secretion systems and modulation of plant cell wall synthesis. Interestingly, factors associated with plants also included putative growth-promoting proteins like enzymes performing xenobiotic degradation and releasing ammonium irons. We also identified overrepresented functional annotations within the sets of specificity factors and found that their functional characteristics fell into separate clusters, thus, implying that host adaptation is represented by diverse functional pathways. Finally, we found that mobile genetic elements bore specificity determinants. In particular, prophages were mainly associated with factors related to humans, while genetic islands-with insects and plants, respectively.DiscussionIn summary, functional enrichments coupled with pangenomic inferences allowed us to hypothesize that the respective host preference is carried out through distinct molecular mechanisms of virulence. To the best of our knowledge, the presented research is the first to identify specific genomic features of S. marcescens assemblies isolated from different hosts at the pangenomic level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The man, the plant, and the insect: shooting host specificity determinants in Serratia marcescens pangenome

Shikov,

Merkushova,

Savina

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…), leaf chlorosis and necrotic spots in squash ( Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca ), leaf spot disease in industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa ), soft rot in ginger ( Zingiber officinale ) rhizomes and many other diseases ( Huang et al, 2020 ; Schappe et al, 2020 ). In this study, strains X1 and X2 were isolated from rotten post-harvest Fuzi and were identified as P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens , respectively, based on their morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, housekeeping gene homologies, and MALDI-TOF MS results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens Associated With Post-harvest Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii) Rot and Their Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection Methods

et al. 2021

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Fuzi (the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is cultivated in more than eight provinces in China. However, it can be easily devastated by post-harvest rot, causing huge losses. Therefore, it is extremely important that the primary causal pathogens of post-harvest Fuzi rot are identified and appropriate detection methods for them are developed to prevent and control losses. In this study, two bacterial strains (X1 and X2) were isolated from rotten post-harvest Fuzi. Based on their morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, housekeeping gene homologies, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) results, these isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens. The pathogenicities of these isolates were confirmed by fulfilling Koch’s postulates demonstrating that they were post-harvest Fuzi rot pathogens. Two loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods targeting the gyrase B subunit (gyrB) gene of P. aeruginosa and the phosphatidylinositol glycan C (pigC) gene of S. marcescens were successfully developed, and it was found that the target genes were highly specific to the two pathogens. These LAMP methods were used to detect P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens in 46 naturally occurring Fuzi and their associated rhizosphere soil samples of unknown etiology. The two bacterial assays were positive in some healthy and rotten samples and could be accomplished within 1 h at 65°C without the need for complicated, expensive instruments. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens causing post-harvest Fuzi rot. The newly developed methods are expected to have applications in point-of-care testing for the two pathogens under different Fuzi planting procedures and will significantly contribute to the control and prevention of Fuzi rot.

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“…The bacterium has also been isolated from alfalfa (Medicago saliva) in the United States of America (Lukezic et al, 1982), from onion bulbs (Allium sp. L.) (Cother and Dowling, 1986) in Australia, from bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Venezuela (Gillis et al, 2014), from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Russia (Ignatov et al, 2016), from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in the USA (Schappe et al, 2019), and from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in China (Huang et al, 2020). However, plant-associated S. marcescens strains promote plant growth (George et al, 2013;Matilla et al, 2017;Khan et al, 2017;Dutta et al, 2020), and other strains are biological control agents (Someya et al, 2000;Gyaneshwar et al, 2001;Someya et al, 2005;Queiroz and Melo, 2006;Dhar Purkayastha et al, 2018), which can replace the use of chemical pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of Serratia marcescens from oleander in Hungary

FODOR

Palkovics²,

VÉGH³

2022

Phytopathol. Mediterr.

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Oleander (Nerium oleander L.) is a popular woody ornamental plant, often used for decorating public areas, terraces and gardens. Many diseases may decrease in the ornamental value of these plantings. Between 2018 and 2020, plant pathogenic bacteria of oleander were examined, and many samples of infected plants were collected from different sites in Hungary. Two non-pigmented Serratia marcescens isolates were identified from oleander by classical and molecular methods. The isolates caused necrotic lesions on oleander leaves. Serratia marcescens is known as an opportunistic mammal or plant pathogen, but non-pathogenic strains are known to be useful biological control agents or plant growth-promoting bacteria. This is the first report of the plant pathogen S. marcescens from oleander, and the first identification of the bacterium in Hungary.

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First Report of Serratia marcescens Causing a Leaf Spot Disease on Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

The man, the plant, and the insect: shooting host specificity determinants in Serratia marcescens pangenome

The man, the plant, and the insect: shooting host specificity determinants in Serratia marcescens pangenome

Characteristics of Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens Associated With Post-harvest Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii) Rot and Their Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection Methods

First report of Serratia marcescens from oleander in Hungary

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