First Report of<i>Bacillus pumilus</i>Causing Trunk Bulges of Rubber Tree (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>) in Malaysia

Mazlan, S.; Zulperi, Dzarifah; Wahab, Aswad; Jaafar, Noraini Md; Sulaiman, Zulkefly; Rajandas, Heera

doi:10.1094/pdis-08-18-1409-pdn

Cited by 10 publications

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“…A total of 20 B. pumilus isolates used for phylogeny study and rep-PCR method; eight isolates from Serdang in Selangor, five isolates from Baling in Kedah, five isolates from Rawang in Selangor, and two isolates from Tanah Merah in Kelantan. These isolates were collected from the different outbreak trunk bulges rubber tree plantations in Peninsular Malaysia and earlier confirmed as B. pumilus based on phenotypic and molecular characterization ( Mazlan et al, 2019 ). The bacterial isolates were stored in glycerol at ‒20°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the RRIM 3001 superclone rubber production is under threat with a disease known as trunk bulges. The first report of the trunk bulges disease outbreak was reported in a rubber tree plantation by Mazlan et al (2019) . Interestingly, the trunk bulges problem only affects RRIM 3001 superclone rubber tree.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It is widely identified as a pathogen of various plants and human diseases ( Yuan and Gao, 2015 ). Earlier reports revealed that B. pumilus is a pathogenic bacteria causing diseases to various type of plants, including rubber ( Mazlan et al, 2019 ), muskmelon ( Song et al, 2018 ), ginger ( Peng et al, 2013 ), scot pine ( Kovaleva et al, 2015 ), ficus lacor ( Hakim et al, 2015 ) and mango ( Galal et al, 2006 ). Studies discovered that this bacterium shares over 99.5% of 16S rRNA similarity with other closely related species including B. altitudinis , B. stratosphericus , B. safensis , B. xiamenensis , B. aerophilus , and B. invictae ( Branquinho et al, 2014a ; Fritze, 2004 ; Lai et al, 2014 ; Liu et al, 2013 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Later, B. invictae was reclassified as a heterotypic synonym of B. altitudinis ( Liu et al, 2015a ). B. pumilus group species are Gram-positive bacteria, motile, rod-shaped with ellipsoidal endospores ( Mazlan et al, 2019 ; Satomi et al, 2006 ; Vettath et al, 2017 ). These bacteria are difficult to distinguish by phenotypic, biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence ( Branquinho et al, 2014a ; Fritze, 2004 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the bulges changed into cankers and produced bleeding lesions when it became worst. Bacillus pumilus was identified as Husni et al 244 the causal agent of this disease based on pathogenicity and biochemical tests and molecular characterization methods (Mazlan et al, 2019).…”

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Current Classification of the Bacillus pumilus Group Species, the Rubber-Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Trunk Bulges Disease in Malaysia as Assessed by MLSA and Multi rep-PCR Approaches

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Bacillus pumilus is the causal agent of trunk bulges disease affecting rubber and rubberwood quality and yield production. In this study, B. pumilus and other closely related species were included in B. pumilus group, as they shared over 99.5% similarity from 16S rRNA analysis. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of five housekeeping genes and repetitive elements-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) using REP, ERIC, and BOX primers conducted to analyze the diversity and systematic relationships of 20 isolates of B. pumilus group from four rubber tree plantations in Peninsular Malaysia (Serdang, Tanah Merah, Baling, and Rawang). Multi rep-PCR results revealed the genetic profiling among the B. pumilus group isolates, while MLSA results showed 98-100% similarity across the 20 isolates of B. pumilus group species. These 20 isolates, formerly established as B. pumilus , were found not to be grouped with B. pumilus . However, being distributed within distinctive groups of the B. pumilus group comprising of two clusters, A and B. Cluster A contained of 17 isolates close to B. altitudinis , whereas Cluster B consisted of three isolates attributed to B. safensis . This is the first MLSA and rep-PCR study on B. pumilus group, which provides an in-depth understanding of the diversity of these rubber-pathogenic isolates in Malaysia.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Current Classification of the Bacillus pumilus Group Species, the Rubber-Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Trunk Bulges Disease in Malaysia as Assessed by MLSA and Multi rep-PCR Approaches

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Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Bacillus pumilus causing trunk bulges of RRIM 3001 superclone rubber tree in Malaysia

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Health Control of Tree Trunk Utilizing Microwave Imaging and Reverse Problem Algorithms

et al. 2023

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The voids in their trunk significantly affect tropical trees' health. Both the wood and timber industries may face substantial financial losses because of the lack of an effective technique to inspect the defected trees through deep zonal monitoring. Microwave imaging offers the advantages of mobility, processing time, compactness, and resolution over alternative imaging methods. An ultra-wide band (UWB) imaging system consisting of UWB antennas and a reverse problem algorithm is proposed. Several conditions, such as the size of trunk samples (16−30 cm), number of targets, size of voids, heterogeneity of media, and number of layers, are considered in experimental studies. Based on these studies, cylindrical wooden models with 100 and 140 mm diameters, one void at the center, and three voids in different locations were 3D printed. After proving the system's ability through simulation and measurements on 3D models, a rubber-wood trunk with a length of 75 cm was cut into smaller pieces. The images created utilizing the measured data showed that the system could detect voids in the rubber trunk. Furthermore, the system indicated a high percentage of reliability and repeatability.

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First Report ofBacillus pumilusCausing Trunk Bulges of Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in Malaysia

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Current Classification of the Bacillus pumilus Group Species, the Rubber-Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Trunk Bulges Disease in Malaysia as Assessed by MLSA and Multi rep-PCR Approaches

Current Classification of the Bacillus pumilus Group Species, the Rubber-Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Trunk Bulges Disease in Malaysia as Assessed by MLSA and Multi rep-PCR Approaches

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Bacillus pumilus causing trunk bulges of RRIM 3001 superclone rubber tree in Malaysia

Health Control of Tree Trunk Utilizing Microwave Imaging and Reverse Problem Algorithms

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