First record of <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> biotype 2 from diseased European eel, <i>Anguilla anguilla</i> L.

Biosca, Elena G.; Amaro, Carmen; Esteve, Consuelo; Alcaide, Elena; Garay, Esperanza

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00581.x

Cited by 98 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Lesions and other macroscopic findings on diseased eels were similar to those reported by Biosca et al (1991). However, in contrast to observations made by Biosca et al (1991) the most characteristic signs of the disease were observed in the head region, which exhibited weak haemorrhaging to extensive ulcerations often associated with deep muscle necrosis in both the upper and lower jaws.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…However, Vibrio anguillarum infections occur following prophylactic treatment of elvers with salt (Mellergaard & Dalsgaard 1987). Vibrio vulnificus has been associated with infectious disease in Japanese eel (Muroga et al 1976) and European eel in Spain, Sweden and Norway (Biosca et al 1991(Biosca et al , 1997a. In addition, V. vulnificus has been described as an impor-'E-mail-inger dalsgaard@vetmi kvl dk tant pathogen that Inay cause wound infections and fatal septicemia in humans (Olivel-1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indole-positive Vibrio vulnificus isolated from disease outbreaks on a Danish eel farm

Dalsgaard¹,

Høi²,

Siebeling³

et al. 1999

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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V~b n o vuln~ficus was isolated in 1996 f~o m 2 d~s e a s e outbreaks on a Danish eel f a~m lvhich used brackish water A charactenstic clinical sign was extensive deep muscle necrosis in the head region V vulnlficus was isolated from k~d n e y mucus spleen gill and intestlne of diseased eels Th~rty-two isolates were examined phenotypically and serologically for pathogenic~ty to eels and for correlat~on to nbotype and plasmid profile B~ochemically, the ~solates showed propert~es slm~lar to those described previously for eel-pathogenic strains of V i/ulnlficus w~t h the exception of lndole prod u c t~o n Virulence was evaluated by LDSo (the 50 '0 lethal dose) which ranged from < 9 4 X 103 to 2 3 X 105 CFU (colony-formng units) per f~s h The isolates which were lethal for eels showed identical nbotypes and serotypes A relat~onship between certain plasm~ds and virulence \4as not found A serotyping system based on l~popolysacchande (LPS)-associated O antigen type and on carbohydrate capsule antigens showed that the eel-virulent ~solates shared a common LPS-based homogeneous O serogroup and a capsule antigen V rulnlficus serovar 0 4 and capsule type 9 was identical serologically to the Japanese isolate ATCC 33149 and was the agent responsible for the disease outbreaks that occurred on the Danish eel farm Despite absence of ant~biotic resistance treatment had llttle effect and disease reoccurred

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indole-positive Vibrio vulnificus isolated from disease outbreaks on a Danish eel farm

Dalsgaard¹,

Høi²,

Siebeling³

et al. 1999

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…BT2 was first isolated in Japan in 1976 (Muroga et al, 1976) and was described in 1982 by Tison et al (1982). The first cases in Europe were recorded in 1989 in Spanish eel farms (Biosca et al, 1991). Later, the disease spread to other countries such as Sweden, The Netherlands and Denmark (Høi et al, 1998;Dalsgaard et al, 1999), always affecting eels cultured in brackish water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a new fish-virulent Vibrio vulnificus serovar that lacks potential to infect humans

2007

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Vibrio vulnificus is a bacterial species that is virulent for humans and fish. Human isolates are classified into biotypes 1 and 3 (BT1 and BT3) and fish isolates into biotype 2 (BT2). However, a few human infections caused by BT2 isolates have been reported worldwide (zoonosis). These BT2 human isolates belong to serovar E (SerE), which is also present in diseased fish. The aim of the present work was to characterize a new BT2 serovar [serovar A (SerA)], which emerged in the European fish-farming industry in 2000, by means of phenotypic, serological and genetic [plasmid profiling, ribotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)] methodologies. The results confirmed that SerA constitutes a homogeneous O-serogroup within the species that shares plasmidic information with SerE. Like SerE, this new serogroup was resistant to fresh fish serum, as well as being highly virulent for fish. In contrast, it was sensitive to human serum and avirulent for mice, even after pretreatment with iron. The two serovars presented different biochemical profiles as well as specific patterns by ribotyping and RAPD analysis. In conclusion, SerA seems to constitute a different clonal group that has recently emerged within the species V. vulnificus, with pathogenic potential for fish but not for humans.

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“…This bacterium produces a 45-kDa thermolysin-like metalloprotease (V. vulnificus protease [VVP]) as an important virulence determinant, which increases vascular permeability and causes serious hemorrhagic damage [2,3]. V. vulnificus biotype 2 that is also named as serovar E [4] is a primary causative agent of epizooticus in eel farms [5,6], while it has isolated occasionally from human clinical sources [7]. Our preliminary experiments using partially purified preparations indicated that an extracellular protease produced by biotype 2 might be indistinguishable from VVP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High growing ability of Vibrio vulnificus biotype 1 is essential for production of a toxic metalloprotease causing systemic diseases in humans

Watanabe

Miyoshi

Kawase

et al. 2004

Microbial Pathogenesis

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Vibrio vulnificus biotype 1, a causative agent of fatal septicemia or wound infection in humans, is known to produce a toxic metalloprotease as an important virulence determinant. V. vulnificus biotype 2 (serovar E), a primary eel pathogen, was found to elaborate an extracellular metalloprotease that was indistinguishable from that of biotype 1. The potential of V. vulnificus biotype 1 for production of the metalloprotease was compared with biotype 2 and other human non-pathogenic Vibrio species (V. anguillarum and V. proteolyticus). When cultivated at 25o C in tryptone-yeast extract broth supplemented with 0.9 % NaCl, all bacteria multiplied sufficiently and secreted significant amounts of the metalloprotease. However, at 37 o C with 0.9 % NaCl, V.anguillarum neither grew nor produced the metalloprotease. In human serum, only V.vulnificus biotype 1 revealed a steady multiplication accompanied with production of the extracellular metalloprotease. This prominent ability of biotype 1 in growth and protease production may contribute to cause serious systemic diseases in humans.

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First record of Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 from diseased European eel, Anguilla anguilla L.

Cited by 98 publications

References 17 publications

Indole-positive Vibrio vulnificus isolated from disease outbreaks on a Danish eel farm

Indole-positive Vibrio vulnificus isolated from disease outbreaks on a Danish eel farm

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a new fish-virulent Vibrio vulnificus serovar that lacks potential to infect humans

High growing ability of Vibrio vulnificus biotype 1 is essential for production of a toxic metalloprotease causing systemic diseases in humans

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