First record ofKinnecaris(Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Parastenocarididae) from Turkey and Thailand; description of three new species and emended definition of the genus

Abstract

Three new species of hyporheic Parastenocarididae from Turkey and Thailand are described in this paper, based on their morphological features. Kinnecaris xanthi sp. nov. and Kinnecaris draconis sp. nov. were collected in Anatolic Turkey, respectively from one and two rivers; Kinnecaris iulianae sp. nov. was collected from several streams on Pha-Ngan Island (Thailand). The two new species from Turkey both lack the typical pitted integument and their P5 fused with the intercoxal sclerite in both sexes; they share a similar shape of the caudal rami in both sexes and of P4 in male. They differ in the ornamentation of the genital double-somite and the armature of A1 in females; in the ornamentation of the anal operculum; in the shape of P2 endopod of both sexes, and P3 endopod of females; in the ornamentation of the first exopodal segment of P3 in males, and in the armature of P4 endopod in females. Kinnecaris iulianae sp. nov. shares with the other species from the Oriental and Australian Region the presence of a pitted cuticle, the size and shape of caudal rami and the shape and ornamentation of P3 in the males, and is characterized by the ventral ornamentation of the genital double-somite and urosomites of the females, and by the lack of ornamentation at the insertion of the P4 endopod of both sexes. The descriptions of these three new Kinnecaris widen the distribution of the genus which, so far, was considered Gondwanian. In this paper, we also re-examine the diagnostic characters of the genus and their presence and/or variability in the known species of Kinnecaris, discuss the taxonomic position of Kinnecaris lyncaea and emend the genus diagnosis.

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“…xanthi are recorded second time from Turkish inland waters. P. viguieri was recorded firstly by Bozkurt (2007) from Gölbaşı Lake and K. xanthi was recorded firstly by Bruno and Cottarelli (2015) from Karamenderes River (Çanakkale Province). On the other hand, Bruno and Cottarelli (2015) was reported Kinnecaris dragonis from Dragon River (Anamur, Antalya) but it was not found in our samples in Dragon River.…”

“…To date, 37 species of harpacticoids belonging to 11 families have been reported. Harpacticus littoralis Sars 1910 was reported within the Harpacticidae, Heterolaophonte stroemii (Baird, 1837) was reported within the Laophontidae, Phyllognathopus viguieri (Maupas, 1892) was reported within the Phyllognathopodidae, P. spinicauda triseta Noodt,1954 was reported within the Leptastacidae, Onychocamptus mohammed (Blanchard and Richard, 1891) was reported within the Laophontidae, Leptocaris brevicornis (Van Douwe, 1904) and Leptocaris trisetosus (Kurz, 1935) were reported within the Darcythompsoniidae, Kinnecaris draconis Cottarelli, 2015 andKinnecaris xanthi Bruno andCottarelli, 2015 were reported within the Parastenocarididae, Metis ignea ignea Philippi, 1843, M. aestuarii Gurney, 1921and E. gracilis (Sars, 1863 were reported within the Metidae, P. phyllophora Noodt, 1954, C. retrogressus Schmankevitch, 1875, L. behningi Borutzky, 1926and N. palustris Brady, 1880 were reported within the Cletodidae, N. hibernica (Brady, 1880), N. incerta (Richard, 1893), N. lacustris (Schmankevitch, 1875), Nitokrella stammeri Chappius, 1938 andN. kosswigi Noodt, 1954 were reported within the Ameiridae, and 16 taxon within the Canthocamptidae (Ustaoğlu.…”

A new genus of Parastenocarididae Chappuis, 1940 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Amazonian Region, Brazil, with close affinity to Murunducaris Reid, 1994

“…This is considered the ground pattern for the Parastenocarididae by Corgosinho et al (2007a). To our knowledge, lateral integumental windows have evolved only within the Parastenocaridinae, in Remaneicaris (Corgosinho and Martínez Arbizu, 2005and Corgosinho et al, 2007b, 2010b, 2017a, Kinnecaris (Schminke, 2008;Bruno and Cottarelli, 2015), and Monodicaris. Therefore, the ground pattern of Parastenocarididae is retained in Fontinalicaridinae.…”

Two new species of Metacyclops Kiefer, 1927 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) from Thailand and an up-to-date key to the species recorded in Asia

“…Kinnecaris iulianae Bruno & Cottarelli, 2015(Alekseev & Sanoamuang 2006Cottarelli et al 2010;Bruno & Cottarelli 2015). Yet due to the differences of local conditions (e.g., substrate type, water velocity) within a headwater stream there are an enormous array of habitats and the geographical isolation of such streams support genetically isolated species which contribute to the diversity of aquatic fauna at the catchment-scale (Gomi et al 2002;Meyer et al 2007).…”