First practical experience with smart low voltage grids

Abstract

Due to the increasing installation of decentralized generation units and the increasing demand of electrical power on distribution level the low voltage grids in Germany are facing different problems, e.g. deviations of the permitted voltage range or local inner overloads of the grid equipment. To overcome these problems a self-sustaining monitoring and control system for low voltage grids has been developed, which monitors the actual power flow situation and controls individual decentralized generation units and consumer loads if necessary. The control system has been implemented into several low voltage grids in Germany. This paper describes first practical experience with the developed smart grid approach.

State forecasting in smart distribution grids: a modular approach using CARMA algorithm

“…As an economical alternative to the very cost-intensive grid enhancement, smart grid systems represent an innovative solution [2], [3]. Within several research and development projects on smart grid systems, the authors have developed marketable solutions for advanced monitoring and control purposes in distribution networks [4], [5]. Currently the authors are aiming for the development of an integrated and coordinated smart grid system with enhanced operational functions, such as Grid State Forecasting (GSF) as a supportive component [6].…”

“…While existing smart grid systems are capable of reacting to an already occurred violation only, the prevision of critical situations ensures a higher power quality in distribution systems with more flexibility concerning the strategical options. [4] The choice of suitable actuators for most efficient and economic control purposes will get more flexibility, since even plants with a higher reaction time can be involvedby manual interventions (DSO) or autarkic operation (automation system). Besides the advantages in active grid operation, future energy markets will benefit from forecasting systems, as soon as they provide information about grid capacities in advance.…”

LV-grid automation system — A technology review

“…Within most of the existing distribution grids, especially at LV-level but even on MV-level, it is impossible to gather information related to the grid's state, neither for single grid components nor for the whole grid itself. Necessary measurement and surveillance equipment is usually not installed on these voltage levels [4].…”

Experience with first smart, autonomous LV-grids in Germany

“…In order to make distribution grids as smart as possible and to support the operator, such changes in topology should be recognized automatically. For this reason, an algorithm has been developed to detect the current topology state [4,5]. With respect to the limited number of switching points, all possible switching states are determined in advance.…”