We use bifurcation theory to study the order of the phase transition for inhomogeneous superconducting systems described by the Ginzburg-Landau equations. Complete qualitative information on the behavior near the critical point can be obtained using these techniques of nonlinear analysis and the calculus of variations. We prove in a rigorous way that there is a secondorder phase transition for a normal-superconducting-normal (N-S-N) proximity sandwich. Moreover, in the case of a magnetic-superconductingmagnetic (M-S-M) proximity sandwich we show the dependence of the order of the phase transition on the coupling constant between the magnetic and superconducting order parameters.