Abstract:The dietary transition from traditional to commercial foods and a decrease in physical activity (PA) have impacted the health of the First Nations people of Quebec (Canada), resulting in many suffering from multiple chronic diseases. This study had two objectives: (1) to examine eating and PA behaviors among First Nations peoples in urban areas and (2) to explore the associated health representations. To achieve these objectives, a mixed-methods approach, including a questionnaire (n = 32) and a semi-structure… Show more
“…There is a need for targeted interventions to address prevalent diabetes risk factors, especially unhealthy eating habits (less traditional foods, higher carbs and fats) and more sedentary lifestyles (lack of physical activity). Obesity and diabetes have become increasingly more prevalent over recent decades in First Nations which may be related to the transition in dietary habits from traditional to western foods characterised by tasty processed fat, high and refined carbohydrates, along with less physically active/more sedentary lifestyles 36 37. Targeted programmes to promote the consumption of healthy foods and community-based physical activities may be helpful.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The underlying causes of the greater impact of pregestational gestational diabetes on infant hospitalisations in First Nations are unclear. Possible reasons underlying the differential risk patterns may be the difference in access to and quality of care (the management of hyperglycaemia in pregnancies with diabetes), 46 high carb diets and less healthy foods due to social factors such as financial issues preventing moms from buying healthier foods, 37 or the difference in genetic background or population-specific susceptibility to fetal toxicity of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. 47 Unfortunately, we did not have data on glycaemic control.…”
ObjectivesDiabetes in pregnancy, whether pre-gestational (chronic) or gestational (de novo hyperglycaemia), increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes. It is unclear whether gestational diabetes increases the risk of postnatal morbidity in infants. Cree First Nations in Quebec are at high risk for diabetes in pregnancy. We assessed whether pre-gestational or gestational diabetes may increase infant hospitalisation (an infant morbidity indicator) incidence, and whether this may be related to more frequent infant hospitalisations in Cree and other First Nations in Quebec.DesignPopulation-based birth cohort study through administrative health data linkage.Setting and participantsSingleton infants (≤1 year) born to mothers in Cree (n=5070), other First Nations (9910) and non-Indigenous (48 200) communities in rural Quebec.ResultsBoth diabetes in pregnancy and infant hospitalisation rates were much higher comparing Cree (23.7% and 29.0%) and other First Nations (12.4% and 34.1%) to non-Indigenous (5.9% and 15.5%) communities. Compared with non-diabetes, pre-gestational diabetes was associated with an increased risk of any infant hospitalisation to a greater extent in Cree and other First Nations (relative risk (RR) 1.56 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.91)) than non-Indigenous (RR 1.26 (1.15 to 1.39)) communities. Pre-gestational diabetes was associated with increased risks of infant hospitalisation due to diseases of multiple systems in all communities. There were no significant associations between gestational diabetes and risks of infant hospitalisation in all communities. The population attributable risk fraction of infant hospitalisations (overall) for pre-gestational diabetes was 6.2% in Cree, 1.6% in other First Nations and 0.3% in non-Indigenous communities.ConclusionsThe study is the first to demonstrate that pre-gestational diabetes increases the risk of infant hospitalisation overall and due to diseases of multiple systems, but gestational diabetes does not. High prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes may partly account for the excess infant hospitalisations in Cree and other First Nations communities in Quebec.
“…There is a need for targeted interventions to address prevalent diabetes risk factors, especially unhealthy eating habits (less traditional foods, higher carbs and fats) and more sedentary lifestyles (lack of physical activity). Obesity and diabetes have become increasingly more prevalent over recent decades in First Nations which may be related to the transition in dietary habits from traditional to western foods characterised by tasty processed fat, high and refined carbohydrates, along with less physically active/more sedentary lifestyles 36 37. Targeted programmes to promote the consumption of healthy foods and community-based physical activities may be helpful.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The underlying causes of the greater impact of pregestational gestational diabetes on infant hospitalisations in First Nations are unclear. Possible reasons underlying the differential risk patterns may be the difference in access to and quality of care (the management of hyperglycaemia in pregnancies with diabetes), 46 high carb diets and less healthy foods due to social factors such as financial issues preventing moms from buying healthier foods, 37 or the difference in genetic background or population-specific susceptibility to fetal toxicity of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. 47 Unfortunately, we did not have data on glycaemic control.…”
ObjectivesDiabetes in pregnancy, whether pre-gestational (chronic) or gestational (de novo hyperglycaemia), increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes. It is unclear whether gestational diabetes increases the risk of postnatal morbidity in infants. Cree First Nations in Quebec are at high risk for diabetes in pregnancy. We assessed whether pre-gestational or gestational diabetes may increase infant hospitalisation (an infant morbidity indicator) incidence, and whether this may be related to more frequent infant hospitalisations in Cree and other First Nations in Quebec.DesignPopulation-based birth cohort study through administrative health data linkage.Setting and participantsSingleton infants (≤1 year) born to mothers in Cree (n=5070), other First Nations (9910) and non-Indigenous (48 200) communities in rural Quebec.ResultsBoth diabetes in pregnancy and infant hospitalisation rates were much higher comparing Cree (23.7% and 29.0%) and other First Nations (12.4% and 34.1%) to non-Indigenous (5.9% and 15.5%) communities. Compared with non-diabetes, pre-gestational diabetes was associated with an increased risk of any infant hospitalisation to a greater extent in Cree and other First Nations (relative risk (RR) 1.56 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.91)) than non-Indigenous (RR 1.26 (1.15 to 1.39)) communities. Pre-gestational diabetes was associated with increased risks of infant hospitalisation due to diseases of multiple systems in all communities. There were no significant associations between gestational diabetes and risks of infant hospitalisation in all communities. The population attributable risk fraction of infant hospitalisations (overall) for pre-gestational diabetes was 6.2% in Cree, 1.6% in other First Nations and 0.3% in non-Indigenous communities.ConclusionsThe study is the first to demonstrate that pre-gestational diabetes increases the risk of infant hospitalisation overall and due to diseases of multiple systems, but gestational diabetes does not. High prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes may partly account for the excess infant hospitalisations in Cree and other First Nations communities in Quebec.
“…Various biotechnological methods are also used to increase potato resistance and protect potato products from various pathogens [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. In connection with the growth of NCDs/metabolic diseases [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85], "between" the development of organic agriculture [86][87][88] and biotechnologies [50-53; 89-91], the use and production of functional food [92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] is gaining momentum.…”
Background: Functional food is becoming more and more important for professionals and also for consumers. On the other hand, it is known that the main factors affecting the sale of agricultural products are the general market dynamics, legislation, product range, seasonal sales dynamics, competitors, pricing, buyers and distribution channels. What’s also important is the profile of the company's personnel and the work of personnel in the market, advertising related to the quality of the product, which in recent times is especially based on the "natural" origin and functional value of the product․ Objective: The aim of the current study is to quantify the factors influencing the level of potato marketability through econometric analysis in Armenia. One of the objectives was also to observe whether the population appreciates the functional value of potatoes, which may affect future marketability and yield of potatoes. Methods:Quantitative assessment of the factors influencing the level of potato marketability was carried out with a number of indicators: the yield of the sowing area, the gross harvest and the volume of export and import. Observations were carried out during 10 years (2009 - 2018). A seven-item questionnaire was developed to explore consumer preferences for purchasing potatoes. Results:The level of marketability of potatoes had an increasing trend with the certain fluctuations (years: 2010, 2014, 2016 and 2018). The data on the correlation coefficients on the factors influencing the level of potato marketability indicated that the relationship between the marketability level and potato planting area is inverse to the average level (ryx1 = - 0.615). The correlation between the level of commerciality and yield is direct in the lower middle range (ryx2 = 0.461). The latter shows that increasing the level of yield contributes to the level of marketability. The effects of gross harvest, export and import volumes have a negative impact on the level of commoditization, but the relationship is extremely weak with ryx3 = - 0.214 and ryx4 = - 0.0532 and ryx5 = - 0.105. Interview studies show that factors affecting potato marketability and productivity are subject to change. Conclusion: The increase in metabolic/non-communicable diseases, increased consumer awareness of these diseases and their prevention, as well as developments in organic agriculture and functional food production require changes in economic research and calculations, also related to functional foods. Keywords: potato, market, marketability, organic agriculture, functional food
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