First insights into oxidative stress and theoretical environmental risk of Bronopol and Detarox® AP, two biocides claimed to be ecofriendly for a sustainable aquaculture

Magara, Gabriele; Sangsawang, Akkarasiri; Pastorino, Paolo; Oddon, Sara Bellezza; Caldaroni, Barbara; Menconi, Vasco; Kovitvadhi, Uthaiwan; Gasco, Laura; Meloni, Daniela; Dörr, Ambrosius Josef Martin; Prearo, Marino; Federici, Ermanno; Elia, Antonia Concetta

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146375

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In the present study, cuprous ion (Cu + ) induced changes in the antioxidant and detoxifying pathway of Ruditapes decussatus exposed to sublethal concentrations of copper(I) chloride. The analyses of the levels of the main oxidative stress biomarkers were carried out in the gills and the digestive gland, as they have a high potential for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production [ 64 , 65 ]. Gills play a respiratory role in mollusks, and they represent the tissue most in contact with the external environment, whereas the digestive gland represents the main organ involved in the detoxification of toxic substances, including metals [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicity of Copper(I) Chloride in Grooved Carpet Shell (Ruditapes decussatus)

et al. 2022

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Copper (Cu) is a ubiquitous trace element in the aquatic environment, and is usually found at low levels. Copper environmental concentrations can be altered as a result anthropogenic activities. Shellfish are useful bioindicators to ensure adequate environmental monitoring. Thus, the aim of the present study was as follows: (a) determine the LC50 of copper(I) chloride in grooved carpet shell (Ruditapes decussatus) collected in the Santa Gilla lagoon (Sardinia, Italy), and (b) analyze the antioxidant biomarkers in digestive gland and gills of same specimens exposed to different concentrations of the above-mentioned metal (0.045, 0.45, and 0.90 mg/L) for 96 h. A withdrawal period of 96 h was considered for the treated clam, carrying out the same biochemical analyses, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and total glutathione (GSH+2GSSG) in the two tissues. Different time and dose responses of the antioxidant biomarkers were recorded in the digestive glands and gills. Oxidative stress biomarkers highlighted the ability of Cu to induce oxidative stress in R. decussatus. Clam, following the withdrawal period of 96 h, has not been able to achieve the control levels of all biochemical markers in the digestive gland and gills. R. decussatus can be a suitable model to assess the ecotoxicity of copper in aquatic ecosystems. These findings may advance knowledge on the role and the effects of copper on oxidative stress biomarkers in grooved carpet shell. The metal ecotoxicity response can be useful to perform accurate biomarker-based monitoring programs using this bivalve species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicity of Copper(I) Chloride in Grooved Carpet Shell (Ruditapes decussatus)

et al. 2022

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“…GST and GPX are important detoxification enzymes involved in apoptosis, cell proliferation, drug resistance and stress response ( 49 ). CAT and SOD are considered vital to survival because they eliminate ROS after pathogen invasion in the intestine ( 50 ). Early research only investigated the roles of CpG ODNs in hemocytes of shrimps, without a comprehensive or detailed evaluation ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the impact of dietary supplementation with different types of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) on enhancing intestinal microbiota diversity, antioxidant capacity, and immune-related gene expression profiles in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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The CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) reportedly possess the capacity to strengthen immunity in mammals. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation with 17 types of CpG ODNs on intestinal microbiota diversity, antioxidant capacity, and immune-related gene expression profiles of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Diets including 50 mg kg-1 CpG ODNs wrapped in egg whites were prepared and divided into 17 different groups, with 2 control groups (normal feed and feed with egg whites). These CpG ODNs supplemented diets and the control diets were fed to L. vannamei (5.15 ± 0.54 g) three times daily at 5%-8% shrimp body weight for three weeks. The results of consecutive detection of intestinal microbiota by 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that 11 of the 17 types of CpG ODNs significantly enhanced intestinal microbiota diversity, increased the populations of several probiotic bacteria, and activated possible mechanisms relevant to diseases. The immune-related genes expression and antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas further demonstrated that the 11 types of CpG ODNs effectively improved the innate immunity of shrimp. Additionally, histology results showed that the CpG ODNs in the experiment did not damage the tissue structure of hepatopancreas. The results suggest that CpG ODNs could be used as a trace supplement to improve the intestinal health and immunity of shrimp.

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“…Biochemical analyses in EPC cell line were conducted according to previous studies on cell lines [ 21 , 39 , 40 ]. In order to extract the cytosolic fraction, EPC cell pellet was washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) 1X and centrifuged at 130× g (5 min, 4 °C) for three-fold.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Level System to Assess Toxicity in Water Distribution Plants

Magara

Varello

Pastorino

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The toxicity of water samples from water distribution plants needs to be investigated further. Indeed, studies on the pro-oxidant effects driven by tap water are very limited. In this study, the water quality, pro-oxidant effects, and potential health risks driven by exposure to groundwater samples from two water plants (sites A and B) located in Northwestern Italy were investigated in a multi-level system. Physicochemical parameters and the absence of pathogens, cyanotoxins, and endocrine active substances indicated a good water quality for both sites. The 25 metals analyzed were found under the limit of quantification or compliant with the maximum limits set by national legislation. Water samples were concentrated by the solid-phase extraction system in order to assess the aquatic toxicity on Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line. Levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase were evaluated through the Integrated Biomarkers Response (IBRv2) index. EPC cell line was found a sensible model for assessing the antioxidant responses driven by both water concentrates. A similar antioxidant response was shown by plots and IBRv2 suggesting a muted risk for the two sampling sites.

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First insights into oxidative stress and theoretical environmental risk of Bronopol and Detarox® AP, two biocides claimed to be ecofriendly for a sustainable aquaculture

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Ecotoxicity of Copper(I) Chloride in Grooved Carpet Shell (Ruditapes decussatus)

Ecotoxicity of Copper(I) Chloride in Grooved Carpet Shell (Ruditapes decussatus)

Comparative study of the impact of dietary supplementation with different types of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) on enhancing intestinal microbiota diversity, antioxidant capacity, and immune-related gene expression profiles in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Multi-Level System to Assess Toxicity in Water Distribution Plants

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