First evidence on phloem transport of nanoscale calcium oxide in groundnut using solution culture technique

Abstract

Nanoscale materials, whose size typically falls below 100 nm, exhibit novel chemical, physical and biological properties which are different from their bulk counterparts. In the present investigation, we demonstrated that nanoscale calcium oxide particles (n-CaO) could transport through phloem tissue of groundnut unlike the corresponding bulk materials. n-CaO particles are prepared using sol-gel method. The size of the as prepared n-CaO measured (69.9 nm) using transmission electron microscopic technique (TEM). Results of the hydroponics experiment using solution culture technique revealed that foliar application of n-CaO at different concentrations (10, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 ppm) on groundnut plants confirmed the entry of calcium into leaves and stems through phloem compared to bulk source of calcium sprayed (CaO and CaNO 3 ). After spraying of n-CaO, calcium content in roots, shoots and leaves significantly increased. Based on visual scoring of calcium deficiency correction and calcium content in plant parts, we may establish the fact that nanoscale calcium oxide particles (size 69.9 nm) could move through phloem tissue in groundnut. This is the first report on phloem transport of nanoscale calcium oxide particles in plants and this result points to the use of nanoscale calcium oxide particles as calcium source to the plants through foliar application, agricultural crops in particular, as bulk calcium application through foliar nutrition is restricted due to its non-mobility in phloem.

Pomegranate trees quality under drought conditions using potassium silicate, nanosilver, and selenium spray with valorization of peels as fungicide extracts

“…Low dose of Se can help in the balance of the necessary nutrient elements in the plants 5 , 70 . Spraying Citrus Sinensis with Se at 20, 40, 80 and 160 ppm improved obviously potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the leaves with the respect of control and 40 ppm was the supreme one 69 .The application of nano fertilizers can help the translocation process of nutrients to the desired parts of plant 108 . Nano fertilizers greatly enhanced the uptake of NPK nutrients, which play an important role in increasing the growth, chlorophyll content and yield of wheat 80 .…”

Quality parameters and distribution of calcium in Idared apples under different fertilizer treatments

“…The only exception was the Ca foliar treatment (T 4 ) where the Ca content in skin was statistically significantly higher than the other fruit parts. This result was expected since it is known that Ca is a phloem immobile element (Deepa et al, 2015). Lanauskas and Kvikliene (2006) reported that foliar treatment is the best way to increase Ca fruit content: this treatment provides either preventing or facilitating calcium deficiency related disorders.…”

Early Cellular Responses Induced by Sedimentary Calcite-Processed Particles in Bright Yellow 2 Tobacco Cultured Cells

“…The CaPPs penetrating directly into the leaves are supposed to increase CO 2 saturation in the leave leading to stomatal closure and therefore a reduction in evapotranspiration a reduction of photorespiration in favor of photosynthesis [ 3 ]. Spray of CaO were also shown to correct Ca 2+ deficiency in groundnut [ 35 ] although the mean levels of Ca 2+ were not statistically different between CaPP-treated and untreated vines [ 36 ]. However, due to the size distribution of these CaPPs ranging from the nano- to the microparticle (0.1 to 20 μm), we hypothesized NP-like effects of CaPPs at the cellular level.…”