First dengue virus detection in<i>Aedes albopictus</i>from Delhi, India: Its breeding ecology and role in dengue transmission

Kumari, Roop; Kumar, Kaushal; Ls, Chauhan

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02789.x

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…aegypti population; however, it has been shown recently that Ae. albopictus is adapted to urban breeding conditions and also plays a role in dengue transmission in Delhi and National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) [21]. It is noteworthy that Ae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of Chikungunya virus from New Delhi reveal emergence of a new molecular signature in Indian isolates

Shrinet

Jain

Sharma

et al. 2012

Virol J

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BackgroundChikungunya (CHIK) is currently endemic in South and Central India and exist as co-infections with dengue in Northern India. In 2010, New Delhi witnessed an outbreak of CHIK in the months October-December. This was the first incidence of a dominant CHIK outbreak in Delhi and prompted us to characterize the Delhi virus strains. We have also investigated the evolution of CHIK spread in India.FindingsClinical samples were subjected to RT-PCR to detect CHIK viral RNA. The PCR amplified products were sequenced and the resulting sequences were genetically analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial sequences of the structural proteins E1 and E2 revealed that the viruses in the latest outbreak exhibited ECSA lineage. Two novel mutations, E1 K211E and E2 V264A were observed in all Delhi isolates. In addition, CHIKV sequences from eight states in India were analyzed along with Delhi sequences to map the genetic diversity of CHIKV within the country. Estimates of average evolutionary divergence within states showed varying divergence among the sequences both within the states and between the states. We identified distinct molecular signatures of the different genotypes of CHIKV revealing emergence of a new signature in the New Delhi clade. Statistical analyses and construction of evolutionary path of the virus within the country revealed gradual spread of one specific strain all over the country.ConclusionThis study has identified unique mutations in the E1 and E2 genes and has revealed the presence of ancestral CHIKV population with maximum diversity circulating in Maharashtra. The study has further revealed the trend of CHIK spread in India since its first report in 1963 and its subsequent reappearance in 2005.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of Chikungunya virus from New Delhi reveal emergence of a new molecular signature in Indian isolates

Shrinet

Jain

Sharma

et al. 2012

Virol J

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“…Aggressive mosquito control campaigns employed physical and chemical engineering to dramatically reduce human disease burden by the late 1960s [3,5,6], but many regions have experienced a (re)emergence of mosquito-vectored diseases, both due to novel pathogens and those previously eradicated [6,7]. This phenomenon has been particularly evident in the increase in human cases of dengue virus (Family Flaviviridae, Genus Flavivirus ), West Nile virus (WNV, Family Flaviviridae, Genus Flavivirus ), La Crosse virus (LACV, Family Bunyaviridae , Genus Orthobunyavirus ), and chikungunya virus (Family Togaviridae , Genus Alphavirus ) among urban populations across the World [4,8,9,10,11,12,13]. The burden of mosquito-vectored disease is centered in developing regions, but developed nations and modern health care systems have not been spared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Mosquito Production in Low-Income Neighborhoods of Baltimore and Washington, DC: Understanding Ecological Drivers and Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Temperate Cities

LaDeau

Leisnham

Biehler

et al. 2013

IJERPH

123

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Mosquito-vectored pathogens are responsible for devastating human diseases and are (re)emerging in many urban environments. Effective mosquito control in urban landscapes relies on improved understanding of the complex interactions between the ecological and social factors that define where mosquito populations can grow. We compared the density of mosquito habitat and pupae production across economically varying neighborhoods in two temperate U.S. cities (Baltimore, MD and Washington, DC). Seven species of mosquito larvae were recorded. The invasive Aedes albopictus was the only species found in all neighborhoods. Culex pipiens, a primary vector of West Nile virus (WNV), was most abundant in Baltimore, which also had more tire habitats. Both Culex and Aedes pupae were more likely to be sampled in neighborhoods categorized as being below median income level in each city and Aedes pupae density was also greater in container habitats found in these lower income neighborhoods. We infer that lower income residents may experience greater exposure to potential disease vectors and Baltimore residents specifically, were at greater risk of exposure to the predominant WNV vector. However, we also found that resident-reported mosquito nuisance was not correlated with our measured risk index, indicating a potentially important mismatch between motivation needed to engage participation in control efforts and the relative importance of control among neighborhoods.

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“…Thousands of cases of dengue fever are reported every year in Delhi. Dengue fever epidemics have occurred in Delhi in 1967, 1970, 1982, 1988, 1996, 2003, 2006 and 2010 . Many cases of chikungunya fever are also reported from Delhi; however, the true burden of the disease is largely under‐appreciated because of the similarity of its clinical symptoms to those of dengue fever.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of dengue and chikungunya virus strains circulating in New Delhi, India

Afreen

Deeba

Khan

et al. 2014

Microbiology and Immunology

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Dengue and chikungunya are acute viral infections with overlapping clinical symptoms. Both diseases are transmitted by common mosquito vectors resulting in their co-circulation in a region. Molecular and serological tests specific for both dengue and chikungunya infections were performed on 87 acute phase blood samples collected from patients with suspected dengue/chikungunya infections in Delhi from September to December, 2011. RT-PCR and IgM ELISA were performed to detect dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). NS1 and IgG ELISA were also performed to detect DENV specific antigen and secondary DENV infection. DENV infection was detected in 49%, CHIKV infection in 29% and co-infection with DENV and CHIKV in 10% of the samples by RT-PCR. DENV serotypes 1, 2 and 3 were detected in this study. Nine DENV-1 strains, six DENV-2 strains and 20 CHIKV strains were characterized by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of their respective envelope protein genes. DENV-1 strains grouped in the American African genotype, DENV-2 strains in the Cosmopolitan genotype and CHIKV strains in the East Central South African genotype by phylogenetic analysis. This is one of the few studies reporting the phylogeny of two dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 and DENV-2) and CHIKV. Surveillance and monitoring of DENV and CHIKV strains are important for design of strategies to control impending epidemics.

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First dengue virus detection inAedes albopictusfrom Delhi, India: Its breeding ecology and role in dengue transmission

Cited by 41 publications

References 8 publications

Genetic characterization of Chikungunya virus from New Delhi reveal emergence of a new molecular signature in Indian isolates

Genetic characterization of Chikungunya virus from New Delhi reveal emergence of a new molecular signature in Indian isolates

Higher Mosquito Production in Low-Income Neighborhoods of Baltimore and Washington, DC: Understanding Ecological Drivers and Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Temperate Cities

Molecular characterization of dengue and chikungunya virus strains circulating in New Delhi, India

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