First-degree relatives of patients with advanced colorectal adenomas have an increased prevalence of colorectal cancer

Lynch, Kathryn L.; Ahnen, Dennis J.; Byers, Tim; Weiss, David G.; Lieberman, David A.

doi:10.1053/cgh.2003.50018

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These studies (3,7,19) and others (6) found an independent risk for relatives having more than one first-degree relative with CRC. Similar interpretations of the relevance of age and having two or more first-degree relatives to FH of colorectal neoplasia have been reported in some studies (6,9,10,20), but notall (8,11,21). The collective data from our study and several others indicate no increase in the relative risk of colorectal neoplasm for first-degree relatives when the index relative is older than 60 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Thus, detecting a significant increase in the relative risk for CRC or adenomas in patients with a history of CRC or adenomas in a firstdegree relative likely requires that the age of the relative does not exceed 60 years or that the subject has more than one first-degree relative with CRC. Although all patients with a FH of one first-degree relative with sporadic CRC in our population may not have been included, the percentage of patients with a FH was 9%, which is well within the range of 8%-17% of patients reported in other large studies (3,7,8,10,11,20,22). A difference in site of neoplasm between these populations leading to a miss by FS due to proximal site is unlikely (6,9,23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Further complicating the picture is the lack of a genetic explanation to account for a hereditary risk in late-onset CRC (17,18). Lynch et al (11) have discussed the discrepancies among studies regarding number, size, and histologic characteristics. Fuchs et al (3,19), Winawer et al (7), and others (6, 9, 10) have emphasized the relevance of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of a Family History of Colorectal Cancer on the Prevalence of Advanced Adenomas of the Rectosigmoid Colon at Flexible Sigmoidoscopy in 3147 Asymptomatic Patients

Strum

2006

Dig Dis Sci

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Flexible sigmoidoscopy is advised as a screening test for colorectal cancer for persons with a family history of late-onset colorectal cancer. The expected outcome for this approach is not well established. We designed a large, prospective study of an unselected population to assess the impact of a family history of one first-degree relative with colorectal cancer on the prevalence of advanced adenomas at screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. We evaluated 8121 patients referred for flexible sigmoidoscopy between 1997 and 1999 and 3147 patients met the inclusion criteria. The 3147 patients were divided into 210 with a family history of colorectal cancer and 2937 without a family history and analyzed for differences in the prevalence of advanced adenomas. Of the 210 with a family history, 3 had an advanced adenoma of the rectosigmoid colon (1.4%) Of the 2937 without a family history, 52 had an advanced adenoma of the rectosigmoid colon (1.8%), including 2 cancers. These differences were not significant. In conclusion, a family history of colorectal cancer had no impact on the prevalence of advanced adenomas in asymptomatic patients at screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. The prevalence rates for advanced adenomas and carcinomas of the rectosigmoid colon were low.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of a Family History of Colorectal Cancer on the Prevalence of Advanced Adenomas of the Rectosigmoid Colon at Flexible Sigmoidoscopy in 3147 Asymptomatic Patients

Strum

2006

Dig Dis Sci

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“…Previous studies have found pelvic irradiation to be a risk factor for colorectal cancer in both men and women [13][14]. Several studies support the association of a positive family history of colorectal cancer and increased risk for neoplasia [15][16][17][18][19]. In our study, having a first degree relative with CRC increased the risk for advanced neoplasia, while having a second degree relative showed a trend toward increased risk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Risk factors for advanced sporadic colorectal neoplasia in persons younger than age 50

Imperiale

Kahi

Stuart

et al. 2008

Cancer Detection and Prevention

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Background-Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is recommended for average risk adults beginning at age 50. However, 7% of CRC occurs in persons younger than age 50, a group for which risk factors are not well defined. We sought to determine whether a retrospective case-control study could identify risk factors for sporadic CRC and advanced adenomatous polyps (together known as sporadic colorectal neoplasia [CRN]).

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“…Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease also raise the risk of CRC, with a risk 5 to 11 times higher than the general population for the former, and 20 times higher for the latter. Approximately 20–30% of CRCs occur among the patient’s first-degree family members; indeed several studies have demonstrated the high risk among first-degree family members of patients diagnosed with CRC and adenomas 23–25. Between 5 and 10% of CRCs occur in people with genetic syndromes, such as FAP and the syndromes of Gardner, Turcot, and Lynch.…”

Section: Colorectal Cancer (Crc): Descriptive Epidemiology Risk Factmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary and Secondary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer

López

Albero

Rodríguez-Montes

2014

Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol

114

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INTRODUCTIONCancer is a worldwide problem as it will affect one in three men and one in four women during their lifetime. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer in men, after lung and prostate cancer, and is the second most frequent cancer in women after breast cancer. It is also the third cause of death in men and women separately, and is the second most frequent cause of death by cancer if both genders are considered together. CRC represents approximately 10% of deaths by cancer. Modifiable risk factors of CRC include smoking, physical inactivity, being overweight and obesity, eating processed meat, and drinking alcohol excessively. CRC screening programs are possible only in economically developed countries. However, attention should be paid in the future to geographical areas with ageing populations and a western lifestyle.19,20 Sigmoidoscopy screening done with people aged 55–64 years has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of CRC by 33% and mortality by CRC by 43%.OBJECTIVETo assess the effect on the incidence and mortality of CRC diet and lifestyle and to determine the effect of secondary prevention through early diagnosis of CRC.METHODOLOGY: A comprehensive search of Medline and Pubmed articles related to primary and secondary prevention of CRC and subsequently, a meta-analysis of the same blocks are performed.RESULTS225 articles related to primary or secondary prevention of CRC were retrieved. Of these 145 were considered valid on meta-analysis: 12 on epidemiology, 56 on diet and lifestyle, and over 77 different screenings for early detection of CRC. Cancer is a worldwide problem as it will affect one in three men and one in four women during their lifetime. There is no doubt whatsoever which environmental factors, probably diet, may account for these cancer rates. Excessive alcohol consumption and cholesterol-rich diet are associated with a high risk of colon cancer. A diet poor in folic acid and vitamin B6 is also associated with a higher risk of developing colon cancer with an overexpression of p53. Eating pulses at least three times a week lowers the risk of developing colon cancer by 33%, after eating less meat, while eating brown rice at least once a week cuts the risk of CRC by 40%. These associations suggest a dose–response effect. Frequently eating cooked green vegetables, nuts, dried fruit, pulses, and brown rice has been associated with a lower risk of colorectal polyps. High calcium intake offers a protector effect against distal colon and rectal tumors as compared with the proximal colon. Higher intake of dairy products and calcium reduces the risk of colon cancer. Taking an aspirin (ASA) regularly after being diagnosed with colon cancer is associated with less risk of dying from this cancer, especially among people who have tumors with COX-2 overexpression.16 Nonetheless, these data do not contradict the data obtained on a possible genetic predisposition, even in sporadic or non-hereditary CRC. CRC is susceptible to screening because it is a serious health problem g...

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First-degree relatives of patients with advanced colorectal adenomas have an increased prevalence of colorectal cancer

Cited by 63 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of a Family History of Colorectal Cancer on the Prevalence of Advanced Adenomas of the Rectosigmoid Colon at Flexible Sigmoidoscopy in 3147 Asymptomatic Patients

Impact of a Family History of Colorectal Cancer on the Prevalence of Advanced Adenomas of the Rectosigmoid Colon at Flexible Sigmoidoscopy in 3147 Asymptomatic Patients

Risk factors for advanced sporadic colorectal neoplasia in persons younger than age 50

Primary and Secondary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer

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