First compositional analysis of Ryugu samples by the MicrOmega hyperspectral microscope

Pilorget, C.; Okada, T.; Hamm, Vincent; Brunetto, R.; Yada, Toru; Loizeau, D.; Riu, L.; Yabuta, Hikaru; Moussi‐Soffys, Aurélie; Hatakeda, Kentaro; Nakato, Aiko; Yogata, Kasumi; Abe, Masanao; Aléon-Toppani, A.; Carter, J.; Chaigneau, M.; Crane, B.; Gondet, B.; Kumagai, Kazuya; Langevin, Y.; Lantz, C.; Pivert-Jolivet, T. Le; Lequertier, Guillaume; Lourit, Lionel; Miyazaki, Akiko; Nishimura, Masahiro; Poulet, F.; Arakawa, Masahiko; Hirata, Naru; Kitazato, K.; Nakazawa, Shozo; Namiki, Noriyuki; Saiki, Takanao; Sugita, Seiji; Tachibana, Shogo; Tanaka, Satoshi; Yoshikawa, Makoto; Tsuda, Yuichi; Watanabe, Sei‐ichiro; Bibring, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01549-z

Cited by 90 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The coordinated microanalysis data suggest that aliphatic-rich organics may be widely distributed in C-type asteroids and exist in close association with phyllosilicates. This inference is consistent with a previous report of aliphatic/aromatic CH in the Ryugu particles demonstrated by MicrOmega, a hyperspectral microscope operating in the near-infrared range 3 . An important and as-yet-unresolved question is whether the unique nature of the aliphatic carbon-rich organics associated with coarse-grained phyllosilicates observed in this study is found only in the Ryugu asteroid.…”

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confidence: 93%

“…a small carry-on impactor. These samples were stored in Chamber C. Initial, non-destructive Phase 1 characterization of the particles in a dedicated, contamination-free and pure-nitrogen-filled chamber at the JAXA curation facility revealed that Ryugu particles were most similar to CI chondrites 4 and displayed 'a variety of alteration levels' 3 . The seemingly contradictory classifications of Ryugu, as similar to either CY or CI chondrites, can only be resolved by a detailed isotopic, elemental and mineralogical characterization of Ryugu particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A pristine record of outer Solar System materials from asteroid Ryugu’s returned sample

et al. 2022

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Volatile and organic-rich C-type asteroids may have been one of the main sources of Earth’s water. Our best insight into their chemistry is currently provided by carbonaceous chondritic meteorites, but the meteorite record is biased: only the strongest types survive atmospheric entry and are then modified by interaction with the terrestrial environment. Here we present the results of a detailed bulk and microanalytical study of pristine Ryugu particles, brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Ryugu particles display a close compositional match with the chemically unfractionated, but aqueously altered, CI (Ivuna-type) chondrites, which are widely used as a proxy for the bulk Solar System composition. The sample shows an intricate spatial relationship between aliphatic-rich organics and phyllosilicates and indicates maximum temperatures of ~30 °C during aqueous alteration. We find that heavy hydrogen and nitrogen abundances are consistent with an outer Solar System origin. Ryugu particles are the most uncontaminated and unfractionated extraterrestrial materials studied so far, and provide the best available match to the bulk Solar System composition.

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A pristine record of outer Solar System materials from asteroid Ryugu’s returned sample

et al. 2022

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“…The recent discovery of pyroxene brecciated boulders on the surface of Bennu has confirmed this hypothesis (DellaGiustina et al, 2021). Kerraouch et al (2021) concluded that “the different lithologies of the fresh AZ breccia, which represent different levels of hydration and heating, are good analogs for the types of materials that will be returned from asteroids Bennu and Ryugu.” More recently, analyses of Ryugu grains have shown that their spectra are different from the ones of CM meteorites and more similar to the ones of CI chondrites (Pilorget et al., 2021; Yada et al, 2021). However, the remote sensing spectrum of asteroid Bennu measured by the OTES instrument onboard OSIRIS‐REx (Hamilton et al, 2021) has shown that Bennu is closer to CM chondrites.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multiscale correlated analysis of the Aguas Zarcas CM chondrite

Dionnet

Aléon-Toppani

Brunetto

et al. 2022

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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In this paper, we report the results of a campaign of measurements on four fragments of the CM Aguas Zarcas (AZ) meteorite, combining X‐ray computed tomography analysis and Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy. We estimated a petrologic type for our sampled CM lithology using the two independent techniques, and obtained a type CM2.5, in agreement with previous estimations. By comparing the Si‐O 10‐µm signature of the AZ average FT‐IR spectra with other well‐studied CMs, we place AZ in the context of aqueous alteration of CM parent bodies. Morphological characterization reveals that AZ has heterogeneous distribution of pores and a global porosity of 4.5 ± 0.5 vol%. We show that chondrules have a porosity of 6.3 ± 1 vol%. This larger porosity could be inherited due to various processes such as temperature variation during the chondrule formation and shocks or dissolution during aqueous alteration. Finally, we observed a correlation between 3D distributions of organic matter and mineral at micrometric scales, revealing a link between the abundance of organic matter and the presence of hydrated minerals. This supports the idea that aqueous alteration in AZ’s parent body played a major role in the evolution of the organic matter.

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“…Several sample grains have been removed from the sample catcher and stored in a vacuum environment in CC3-2 for future research. Most of the remaining samples have been placed in a pure nitrogen environment and handled through gloves (Yada et al, 2021). For curation initial descriptions, photography and weight measurements of the samples have been carried out.…”

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confidence: 99%

Variations of the surface characteristics of Ryugu returned samples

Nakato

Yada

Nishimura

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Hayabusa2 spacecraft successfully collected rock samples through two touchdowns from the surface of C-type near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu and brought them back to Earth in 2020. At the Extraterrestrial Sample Curation Center in JAXA, we performed initial description to all samples to obtain the fundamental information and prepare the database for sample allocation. We propose morphological classifications for the returned samples based on the initial description of 205 grains described in the first 6 months. The returned samples can be distinguished by four morphological characteristics: dark, glossy, bright, and white. According to coordinated study of initial description and detailed investigation by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis in this study, these features reflect the differences in the degree of space weathering and mineral assemblages. The degree of space weathering of the four studied grains is heterogeneous: weak for A0042 (dark group) and C0041 (white group); moderate for C0094 (glossy); and severe for A0017 (bright). The white phase in a grain belonging to white group is identified as large carbonate minerals. This is the first effort to classify Ryugu returned samples. Based on these results, researchers can estimate sample characteristics only from the information on the JAXA curation public database. It could be an important reference for sample selection for further investigation.

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First compositional analysis of Ryugu samples by the MicrOmega hyperspectral microscope

Cited by 90 publications

References 23 publications

A pristine record of outer Solar System materials from asteroid Ryugu’s returned sample

A pristine record of outer Solar System materials from asteroid Ryugu’s returned sample

Multiscale correlated analysis of the Aguas Zarcas CM chondrite

Variations of the surface characteristics of Ryugu returned samples

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