First- and second-order effects of consumers’ institutional logics on firm–consumer relationships: A cross-market comparative analysis

Export intensity, domestic competition, and product innovation in an emerging economy

“…Due to lower income levels, the technologies in use in emerging markets are usually behind the world frontier (Walsh et al, 2002). At the same time, market knowledge in an economy tends to be influenced by the economy's institutions, history and culture (Singh et al, 2011). In addition, local governments tend to shelter the domestic markets of emerging economies from international competition, creating a niche market with its own technology and market knowledge requirements.…”

Demand Heterogeneity, Learning Diversity and Innovation in an Emerging Economy

“…As one form of international diversification (Shaver, 2011), exporting to overseas markets exposes firms to multiple customer groups with diverse market knowledge (e.g. customer preferences, demand and institutional contexts) and to more diverse technological knowledge (Singh et al, 2011;Zander, 1999). However, as Grant has emphasized, "The critical source of competitive advantage is knowledge integration rather than knowledge itself" (Grant, 1996: 380).…”

“…Firms with both domestic and overseas customers are exposed to greater market variety, and more diverse customer needs and requirements. In response they may be required to develop specialized technological capabilities and adapt to disparate institutional environments (Adner and Levinthal, 2001;Singh et al, 2011;Zander, 1999). This gives them better opportunities to build a rich and diverse knowledge base, and better opportunities to innovate by making novel combinations of the knowledge to which they are exposed (Cohen and Levinthal, 1990).…”

“…When an exporter operates in a sector where the domestic and overseas markets are highly separated, it may find the two markets quite different in terms of formal regulations, informal norms, technological standards, and customer preferences (Marquis, 2003;Marquis and Lounsbury, 2007;Singh et al, 2011). In that case, the knowledge acquired from domestic and overseas customers can seem incoherent and unrelated, which can lead to difficulties in within-firm knowledge transfer, sharing and recombination (Breschi et al, 2003;Leten et al, 2007).…”

Demand-side Perspectives in International Business: Themes and Future Directions

“…Nobeoka et al (2002) emphasize that, in business-to-business operations, learning from a broad customer base and maintaining relationships with customers are critical approaches for multinational suppliers. Singh et al (2011) discuss antecedents of customer commitment and satisfaction in the context of consumer perceptions. They maintain that perceptions do not always agree with actual firm capabilities.…”