Fireballs from deflagration and detonation of heterogeneous fuel-rich clouds

Dorofeev, S.B.; Sidorov, V.P.; Ефименко, А.А.; Kochurko, A.S.; Кузнецов, М.; Chaivanov, B.B.; Matsukov, D. I.; Pereverzev, A.K.; Avenyan, V.A.

doi:10.1016/0379-7112(96)00008-2

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…2. The measured average diameter and elevation using the video images were 28 m and 35 m, respectively, which were however over predicted by the usually used equations [4] for liquid hydrocarbons. Since peroxy-fuel vapors receive additional heat from decomposition and get some oxidizer from the molecule itself they burn faster.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past there have been numerous investigations performed on the thermal radiation hazards of hydrocarbon fireballs e.g. of kerosene, diesel, gasoline, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), propane and others [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The following parameters describe typical characteristics of a fireball: total mass of fuel (M), diameter (d), elevation (H), burn time (t b ) and irradiance (E).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) of Peroxy-fuels: Experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation

2015

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Fire and explosion hazards associated with storage and transportation of flammable materials have been a matter of great interest in the recent times. BLEVE is a scenario that occurs when a closed fuel container is subjected to heat for a longer duration. Such events are disastrous to human beings and assets both. In the past there have been numerous studies on BLEVEs and fireballs of hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. kerosene, gasoline, LPG, LNG and others. Though, the fireballs of peroxy-fuels are not looked into detail as such. This article tries to overcome this lack of knowledge. Both, experimental investigation and CFD simulations are performed to measure and predict the fireball characteristics of a peroxy-fuel. Due to thermal decomposition in the liquid phase and active oxygen content a peroxy-fuel fireball burns at a very fast rate and emit higher thermal radiation whereas exhibits smaller diameter and elevation compared to hydrocarbons. That eventually leads to consideration of larger safety distances from them which are also verified by CFD results.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) of Peroxy-fuels: Experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation

2015

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“…It may therefore be possible that piezoelectric pressure transducers would be, for a big explosive charge and in near-field, in a measure range where the pyroelectric property would be highlighted: it would be the case when transducers where placed within the space for the expansion of the fireball. Empirical formula [10] can be used to evaluate the radius of the fireball generated within fuel detonations, as a function of the mass of hydrocarbons. Nevertheless, these formulas do not allow determining the radius of the fireball associated with solid explosive detonations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory scale tests for the assessment of solid explosive blast effects

Cheval

Loiseau

Vala³

2008

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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The definition of blast loads applying to a complex geometry structure is, nowadays, still a hard task when numerical simulation is used, essentially because of the different scales involved: as a matter of fact, modelling the detonation of a charge and its resulting load on a structure requires one to model the charge itself, the structure and the surrounding air, which rapidly leads to large size models on which parametrical studies become unaffordable. So, on the basis of the Crank-Hopkinson's law, an experimental set-up has been developed to support reduced scale structures as well as reduced scale detonating solid charges. As a final objective, the set-up must be used to produce the entry data for numerical assessments of the structure resistance.This set-up is composed of a modular table, sensors and targets and has been designed to conduct nondestructive studies. In the context of security, the general aim is to study the effects of detonation shock waves in the vicinity of test installations and to test various shock wave mitigation means that could be implemented for the protection of facilities in sensitive locations. In particular, the set-up offers the possibility of measuring the loading in terms of pressuretime curves, even for very complex situations like multiple reflections, combination and diffraction.The present paper summarizes the development of the set-up, as well as the first tests performed. The main features of the table, the instrumentation and the pyrotechnics are given. Also, the paper summarizes a first qualification test campaign that was conducted in the year 2006. In this campaign, free field blast tests (i.e. blast tests performed without structures) have been conducted. Overpressure maxima, arrival time of the shock wave and impulse are presented as nondimensional characteristics of the pressure time history. The results obtained have been found to be in good agreement with reference curves available from the open literature.

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“…However, it is often difficult to achieve an accurate experimental measurement of these two parameters. To solve this problem, various types of thermal radiation models for fireballs, suitable for different fuels or explosives, have been proposed, including the Dorofeev model [20], the Baker model [21], and the Martinsen model [22]. The Baker model is a kind of semiempirical, universal, and static model, whose applicability to TBX has been demonstrated [15].…”

Section: Thermal Radiation Damage Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Environment inside a Tunnel after Thermobaric Explosion

Chen

Mao

Zhou

et al. 2017

Shock and Vibration

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The outstanding thermal damage effect of thermobaric explosive (TBX) is enhanced in closed or semiclosed spaces, which may pose a serious threat to the security of people sheltered in tunnels or other protective engineering. In order to investigate the thermal environment inside a tunnel after thermobaric explosion, we developed a damage evaluation method for the thermal radiation of explosion fireballs in tunnels; secondly, the air temperature distribution inside a tunnel shortly after explosion was theoretically analyzed; finally, the dynamic thermal environment after the explosion and the influences of TBXs mass and initial ground temperature on it in cases of open and blocked tunnels were numerically simulated with the FLUENT software. The results show that the fireball thermal radiation damage occurs mainly in the vicinity of the explosion source. The air temperature inside a tunnel shortly after the explosion decreases continuously with increasing distance from the explosion source and finally reaches the initial air temperature. The decay rate of air temperature inside a tunnel is slower in the blocked case, which increases the probability of causing a secondary fire disaster. The increase of explosive mass and the initial ground temperature favor the high-temperature performance of TBX, especially for the blocked tunnel.

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Fireballs from deflagration and detonation of heterogeneous fuel-rich clouds

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) of Peroxy-fuels: Experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) of Peroxy-fuels: Experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation

Laboratory scale tests for the assessment of solid explosive blast effects

Thermal Environment inside a Tunnel after Thermobaric Explosion

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