Fire retardancy of vinyl ester nanocomposites: Synergy with phosphorus-based fire retardants

Chigwada, Grace; Jash, Panchatapa; Jiang, David D.; Wilkie, Charles A.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.005

Cited by 98 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The thermogravimetric and cone calorimetry analyses indicated that PNC and PS had similar degradation onset and the pathway, thus MAG is not a flame retardant for PS. This conclusion was found also applicable to PNCs based on thermoset vinyl ester, 162 or to EVAc. 163 Morgan et al 164 prepared a series of EVAc-based PNCs with 5 wt% of MAG, pre-intercalated with inorganic (H þ ,N a þ ,C a 2þ ,M g 2þ ) and organic (2M2HTA þ ) cations.…”

Section: Pnc With Synthetic Magadiite (Mag)supporting

confidence: 56%

Synthetic, layered nanoparticles for polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs)

Utracki

Sepehr

Boccaleri

2007

Polymers for Advanced Techs

379

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthetic, layered nano-particles for polymeric nanocomposites (PNC's)Utracki, L. A.; Sepehr, M.; Boccaleri, E.Contact us / Contactez nous: nparc.cisti@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=fr L'accès à ce site Web et l'utilisation de son contenu sont assujettis aux conditions présentées dans le site Web page / page Web http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.852 http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=15774991&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=15774991&lang=fr LISEZ CES CONDITIONS ATTENTIVEMENT AVANT D'UTILISER CE SITE WEB. READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en This review discusses preparation and use of the synthetic layered nanoparticles in polymer matrices, i.e., in the polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs). Several types of synthetic or semi-synthetic layered materials are considered, namely the phyllosilicates (clays), silicic acid (magadiite), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), zirconium phosphates (ZrPs), and di-chalcogenides. The main advantage of synthetic clays is their chemical purity (e.g. absence of amorphous and gritty contaminants, as well as arsenic, iron, and other heavy metals), white to transparent color that assures reproducibly of brightly colored products, as well as a wide range of aspect ratios, p ¼ 20 to £6000. Several large scale production facilities have been established. The synthetic clay and LDH industries are oriented toward big volume markets: catalysis, foodstuff, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, toiletry, etc. The use of these materials in PNCs is limited to synthetic clays and LDHs, mainly for reinforcement, permeability control, reduction of flammability, and stabilization, e.g. during dehydrohalogenation of chlorinated macromolecules. The use of lamellar ZrPs and di-chalcogenides is at the laboratory stage of functional polymeric systems development, e.g. for electrically conductive materials, catalysts or support for catalysts, in photochemistry, molecular and chiral recognition, or in fuel cell technologies, etc. Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.KEYWORDS: polymeric nanocomposites; nanoparticles; clay; layered double hydroxides; matrix POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES Polym. Adv. Technol. 2007; 18: 1-37 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/pat.852 AUTHORS' BIOGRAPHIESDr Leszek A. Utracki was born and educated (up to Habilitation) in Poland. After the post-doctoral stage at USC in Los Angeles with Robert Simha he settled in Canada. His passionate research interest has been within the field of thermodynamics, rheology and processing of multicomponent, multiphase polymeric systems. During the 55 years in the profession he has published several hundred articles, book chapters, books, patents, etc., which has placed him on the ISI li...

show abstract

Section: Pnc With Synthetic Magadiite (Mag)supporting

confidence: 56%

Synthetic, layered nanoparticles for polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs)

Utracki

Sepehr

Boccaleri

2007

Polymers for Advanced Techs

379

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The systems that has been investigated, MMT with bromine [8], with phosphorus [29], and with mineral plus LDH with APP [16] and melamine [17], have been seen to be effective but the ZnAl LDH shows no positive interactions with conventional fire retardants in PE. Further work will be necessary to determine the cause of this behavior.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study on the flammability of polyethylene modified with commercial fire retardants and a zinc aluminum oleate layered double hydroxide

Manzi-Nshuti

Hossenlopp

Wilkie

2009

Polymer Degradation and Stability

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Polyethylene (PE) was modified by the addition of a layered double hydroxide of zinc aluminum oleate (ZnAl) and/or commercial fire retardants.NOT THE PUBLISHED VERSION; this is the author's final, peer-reviewed manuscript. The published version may be accessed by following the link in the citation at the bottom of the page.Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 94, No. 5 (May 2009): pg. 782-788. DOI. This article is © Elsevier and permission has been granted for this version to appear in e-Publications@Marquette. Elsevier does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Elsevier. 2Commercial additives included: melamine polyphosphate (MPP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), triphenol phosphate (TPP), resorcinol diphosphate (RDP), decabromophenyl oxide (DECA) and antimony oxide (AO). The thermal stability and the combustion behaviors of the new composite polymeric materials are evaluated in TGA experiments and cone calorimetry. At 20% total additive loading, APP and LDH enhance the thermal stability of the PE composites and favor char formation. ZnAl leads to the best reduction in the peak of heat release rate (PHRR), 72%, while the combinations of PE with other additives give reductions in the range 20-40%. The combination of DECA and AO effectively increases the time to ignition and time to PHRR while LDH lowers these two parameters. APP and MPP on the other hand, do not affect the time to ignition, but they effectively increase the time to PHRR relative to the pristine polymer.

show abstract

“…The use of double-layered hydroxides is an alternative to the use of cationic clays for making epoxy-based composites with good fire properties [Ibeh et al (2006)]. The cone calorimeter results on vinylesters containing clays (Cloisite 15 A) or POSS highlighted a reduction of maximum heat release rate and increase of time to ignition, but no modification on total heat released [Chigwada et al (2005)]. A combination with a phosphorus-based flame retardant promotes a greater improvement.…”

Section: Modification Of Gas Diffusion Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%