Fire protection in traffic tunnels— initial findings from large-scale tests

Haack, Alfred

doi:10.1016/0886-7798(92)90066-q

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Apart from real tunnel accidents including the well‐known cases that were discussed earlier, limited large scale experimental research programs have been carried out on the behavior of tunnel linings in a fire 5,19–27 including the Runehamar fire tests (Norway, 2003, under as part of the UPTUN project) 28 . However, only limited works 5,20,21,25,27 have conducted full scale tunnel lining structurally loaded fire testing incorporating real life boundary conditions, external loading and conditioning corresponding to design assumptions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of the metro tunnel project tunnel linings for fire testing

Guerrieri

Sanabria²,

Lee³

et al. 2020

Structural Concrete

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With a growing pipeline of major transport infrastructure projects transforming Victoria's road and rail networks, there is an increase in demand for the construction of underground tunnels using the shield tunneling method. Such tunnels need to be designed for fire resistance in order to preserve both structural integrity and serviceability in the event of a fire event. This paper describes the approach taken to design the concrete tunnel lining segments for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project for structural stability during a severe fire incident. Two types of fire testing programs were implemented, both of which used the RABT ZTV (rail) fire curve. The first involved the fire testing of 12 unloaded flat panels in order to determine whether a particular concrete mix design would be susceptible to spalling. Second, six prototype full scale tunnel lining segments were subjected to full scale structural fire testing, for the first time in Australia. The results indicated that full scale structurally loaded fire tests are essential as unloaded flat panels underestimate the degree of spalling. Addition of PP fibers are successful in mitigating spalling in addition to using pozzolans cements such as flyash and slag.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of the metro tunnel project tunnel linings for fire testing

Guerrieri

Sanabria²,

Lee³

et al. 2020

Structural Concrete

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“…We also know that residents who ignored this instruction managed to escape the fire. This is quite similar to the case of the Hokuriku tunnel train fire that occurred in Japan in 1972, which claimed 30 lives and injured many others [48]. On this occasion, the train driver was obeying the regular emergency routines that specified that drivers should immediately stop trains once the control panel provides an indication of fire in any wagon, in order to minimise cascading effects to other wagons due to the effects of wind during train motion.…”

Section: Literature Related To Dichotomy In Routines and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 56%

Learning How to Learn from Disasters through a Comparative Dichotomy Analysis: Grenfell Tower and Hurricane Katrina Case Studies

et al. 2021

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We describe two well-established, practice-based Master’s programmes as examples of existing competence development opportunities for practitioners and how such links between theory and practice can be developed and taught within the Higher Education (HE) context. We hypothesise that learning from major failures is essential in linking theory with practice in both engineering and management education. We investigate how to train emergency response teams on coping with, and learning from, rare events; a major challenge to other practitioners in the fields of safety and risk management. Comparison is undertaken between two disasters—Hurricane Katrina in the USA and the relatively recent Grenfell Tower in the UK—using a balanced dual approach of paradoxes, a dichotomy. In this paper, we demonstrate the enhancement of both engineering and management education. This was achieved through using the two case studies to emphasize the relevance of incorporating advanced mental modelling approaches for root cause analysis in training and by comparing the two cases with respect to the black swan and black elephant concepts. It is recommended that future training has a balanced approach that encompasses the outlined features of dichotomies.

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“…These tests are essential to be conducted on a large scale to reproduce the identical boundary conditions, stress conditions, and material properties of the real structure, all of which are dependent on the spalling behavior. Limited large-scale experimental studies have been carried out on the performance of tunnel linings in fire 7,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] including the Runehamar fire tests. 40 Nevertheless, only limited works 7,18,31,33,37,39 have been conducted on full-scale tunnel lining segments that were tested under combined structural and fire loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limited large‐scale experimental studies have been carried out on the performance of tunnel linings in fire 7,31–39 including the Runehamar fire tests 40 . Nevertheless, only limited works 7,18,31,33,37,39 have been conducted on full‐scale tunnel lining segments that were tested under combined structural and fire loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of uniaxial loading on the spalling of concrete panels for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project

Guerrieri,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2024

Structural Concrete

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The Metro Tunnel is a Victorian Government funded infrastructure project which will create a new end‐to‐end rail line from Sunbury in the west to Cranbourne/Pakenham in the south east, with bigger and better trains, next generation signaling technology and five new underground stations. This article provides a detailed summary of the structural fire testing requirements for the platform tunnel side wall and arch lining in the Metro Tunnel's State Library and Town Hall stations. Contrasted to building fires, tunnel fires are more significant within a few minutes due to the confined space which can cause concrete spalling and jeopardize the bearing capacity of the tunnel, which is a significant concern to designers. The catastrophic European tunnel fire events in 1999 and 2001 led to the development of innovative regulations and recommendations, including guidelines endorsed by the European Federation of National (EFNARC 132F r3:2006) and Efectis R0695:2020. This paper explains the methodology taken to design the fire rated concrete test for the platform tunnel side wall and arch lining in the State Library and Town Hall stations of Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project for structural stability for the period of a serious fire event. For the first time, uniaxial loading (500T) was applied to five large‐scale flat concrete panels (1800 × 1800 × 400 mm) which are normally unloaded during fire exposure and exposed to the RABT ZTV (rail) fire curve. The first testing program investigated the influence of polypropylene dosage in the concrete mix design and its effect on the magnitude and severity of concrete spalling. The results indicated that the recommended 2.0 kg/m3 polypropylene dosage requirement as specified by Eurocode is conservative. Concrete mix designs with a stable aggregate and the correct curing regime can mitigate spalling at significantly lower polypropylene dosage rates. The water pooling effect was evident during the fire testing and the surface cracking that developed was vertical to the surface, allowing for the release of the pore water pressure build‐up.

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Fire protection in traffic tunnels— initial findings from large-scale tests

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Design of the metro tunnel project tunnel linings for fire testing

Design of the metro tunnel project tunnel linings for fire testing

Learning How to Learn from Disasters through a Comparative Dichotomy Analysis: Grenfell Tower and Hurricane Katrina Case Studies

Effect of uniaxial loading on the spalling of concrete panels for Melbourne's Metro Tunnel Project

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