Finite-Element Modeling of Electrostatic Sensors for the Flow Measurement of Particles in Pneumatic Pipelines

Review of techniques for the mass flow rate measurement of pneumatically conveyed solids

“…The simulation analysis and experimental results of the spatial sensitivity of an electrostatic sensor with ring-shaped electrodes were presented in both time and frequency domain, which showed that lower frequency components dominated the sensor output. Krabicka and Yan [9] presented a new insight into the sensing mechanism of electrostatic sensors with intrusive rod electrodes. Finite-element modeling (FEM) techniques were used to study the sensor response to pneumatically conveyed solids, with the aim of establishing optimum sensor design and configuration and identifying the effective sensing zones of the sensor.…”

“…Finite-element modeling (FEM) techniques were used to study the sensor response to pneumatically conveyed solids, with the aim of establishing optimum sensor design and configuration and identifying the effective sensing zones of the sensor. The modeling results were compared with laboratory tests to cross validate between them and to quantify the spatial sensitivity and bandwidth of the sensor [9].…”

Characterisation of pulverised fuel flow in a square-shaped pneumatic conveying pipe using electrostatic sensor arrays

“…Due to the advantages of structural simplicity, robustness and low cost, electrostatic sensors outperform other sensors and thus are extensively utilized in multiphase flow measurement. Electrostatic sensors with ring, arc, bar or other shaped electrodes [5][6][7][8] have been used in circular pipelines. However, little research has been conducted on square-shaped pneumatic conveying pipes using electrostatic sensors.…”

Pulverized coal flow metering on a full-scale power plant using electrostatic sensor arrays

“…Xu et al [8][9] analyzed the frequency response, bandwidth, spatial sensitivity and spatial filtering effect of circular electrostatic sensors. Intrusive electrostatic electrodes were studied by Shao et al [10] and Krabicka and Yan [11] through both finite-element modeling (FEM) and experimental assessment on a 94 mm bore horizontal pipe feeding PF to a 4 MW industrial furnace. Zhang et al [12] studied the impact of sampling frequency and integral time of the electrostatic signal on correlation velocity measurement based on FEM analysis.…”