Fine Structure of Early Endosperm in &lt;i&gt;Quercus gambelii&lt;/i&gt;

Singh, Adya P.; Mogensen, H. Lloyd

doi:10.1508/cytologia.41.345

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This view is further supported by Marinos (1970) who suggested that in pea the endosperm cytoplasm is prohably involved in the transport and metabolism of materials coming from the ovular tissues. Singh and Mogensen (1976) also reached to a similar conclusion in their studies on Quercus gambelii endosperm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

An ultrastructural study of perisperm and endosperm inSilene albaMiller E.H.L. Krause

Rao

Guignard

Duret

1988

Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques

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ln the young nucellus three regions can be distinguished : micropylar, chalazal and lateral. No major qualitative differences exist between these three but quantitatively the micropylar and chalazal are very rich in plastids, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and mitochondria. Perixisomes are present in the lateral nucellus. Based on these observations it is concluded that the micropylar nucellus is concerned in the nutrition of the pollen tu be and embryo sac. The mature chalazal nucellus or perisperm, with many starch grains is the food storage reservoir and the main source of energy needed for the development of embryo.The endosperm cells have been studied when the embryo are at the young dicotyledonous stage : they are very rich in rod like and eup shaped plastids, RER, ribosomes and mitochondria. The cell walls are thin with plasmodesmatal connections. lt is suggested that the endosperm may be acting as a medium for transport of food materials for the growing embryo from the perisperm.Résumé.-L'étude de l'ultrastructure du nucelle de Silene alba montre qu'il n'y a pas de différence majeure entre les régions micropylaire, chalazienne et latérale du jeune nucelle. Ces régions sont riches en plastes, ribosomes, réticulum endoplasmique et mitochondries. Les peroxysomes sont présents dans la région micropylaire, laquelle interviendrait dans la nutrition du tu be pollinique et dans celle du sac embryonnaire. La région chalazienne du nucelle âgé ou périsperme, riche en amidon, est le lieu de stockage des nutriements nécessaires au développement de l'embryon.L'albumen a été étudié au début du stade dicotylédonnaire de l'embryon. Les cellules de l'albumen sont riches en plastes en «cloche», en réticulum endoplasmique, ribosomes et mitochondries. Les parois membranaires sont minces et pourvues de plasmodesmes. L'albumen ne jouerait pas le rôle de tissu de réserve mais interviendrait dans le transport des nutriements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

An ultrastructural study of perisperm and endosperm inSilene albaMiller E.H.L. Krause

Rao

Guignard

Duret

1988

Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques

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“…Nutrients from the integuments are likely channeled through the transfer-cell-like wall ingrowths of the lateral central cell wall and the wandlabrinthe. The endosperm as a mechanism for nutrient absorption by the embryo sac has been suggested in Pisum (Marinos 1970), Quercus (Singh and Mogensen 1976), and Zea (Schel et al 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Endosperm, Embryo, and Ovule Development in Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Chamberlin¹,

Horner²,

Palmer³

1994

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Anatomical and ultrastructural aspects of soybean embryo, endosperm, and ovule development are described for the zygote to late heart-shaped embryo stages (0-35 d postfertilization). Nucellar cells subtending the degenerative synergid break down, allowing for pollen tube passage to this synergid. In 15 of 17 ovules studied, the degenerative synergid occupies a position abfunicular to the zygote. The inner integument differentiates into the endothelium and exterior layers of thick-walled cells at the globular embryo stage. The endothelium has a cuticle on its inner surface that begins to fragment at the onset of endosperm cellularization. Cellularization of the free-nuclear endosperm is initiated at the globular embryo stage by the formation of anticlinal ingrowths of the central cell wall. These walls fuse to form cylinders open to the central cell. Uninucleate cells are formed within the bases of the cylinders as periclinal walls are laid down. These latter walls are formed in the presence or absence of phragmoplasts. At the onset of cellularization, the endosperm forms a cellular sheath over the apex of the embryo, which partitions it from the central cell. The late globular embryo forms a cuticle on its surface but not on the suspensor. The endosperm cells of the chalazal process are suspended in a mucilage because of the loss of the central cell wall in this region. Endosperm degeneration occurs by two different processes: one involves wall thinning coincident with accumulation of mucilage exterior to the plasmalemma and within the cytoplasm; the other involves the fusion of vesicles to the plasmalemma and the concomitant release of cell-wall fibrils. The embryo becomes reoriented 900 to accommodate its expansion within the embryo sac. The integrated development and function of these tissues toward embryo and ovule maturation are discussed. Disciplines Agronomy and Crop Sciences | Botany | Plant Breeding and Genetics CommentsThis article is from International Journal of Plant Sciences 155 (1994): 421. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. Anatomical and ultrastructural aspects of soybean embryo, endosperm, and ovule development are described for the zygote to late heart-shaped embryo stages (0-35 d postfertilization). Nucellar cells subtending the degenerative synergid break down, allowing for pollen tube passage to this synergid. In 15 of 17 ovules studied, the degenerative synergid occupies a position abfunicular to the zygote. The inner integument differentiates into the endothelium and exterior layers of thick-walled cells at the globular embryo stage. The endothelium has a cuticle on its inner surface that begins to fragment at the onset of endosperm cellularization. Cellularization of the free-nuclear endosperm is initiated at the globular embryo stage by the formation of anticlinal ingrowths of the central cell wall. These walls fuse to form cylinders open to...

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“…This shows that the endosperm is metabolically an active tissue (cf. BUTTROSE 1963;MARINOS 1970;NEWCOMB 1973NEWCOMB , 1978SCHULZ & JENSEN 1974, 1977WEINBAUM & SIMONS 1974;TURALA-SZYBOWSKA 1975;SINGH & MOGENSEN 1976). In A. maritimum the endosperm nuclei are polyploid, variously sized and shaped.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemical, Structural and Ultrastructural Features of Endosperm in Alyssum Maritimum Lam.

Vijayaraghavan

Prabhakar

Puri

1984

Acta Botanica Neerlandica

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SUMMARY The primary endosperm nucleus in Alyssum maritimum is surrounded by a large number of polysaccharide grains. The grains are utilized during the nuclear development of the endosperm. The nuclear endosperm stains intensely for proteins, DNA and RNA but the concentration of these metabolites declines during cellularization, whereas the polysaccharide content increases again. The cellular endosperm in mature seeds stores polysaccharides mainly in the form of cell walls, and proteins as proteinaceous masses. The endosperm is rich in ribosomes, mitochondria and plastids. The nuclei show different morphology. Nucleoli are either vacuolated or compact. In the endosperm extrusion of spherical bodies from the nuclei occurs.

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Fine Structure of Early Endosperm in <i>Quercus gambelii</i>

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

An ultrastructural study of perisperm and endosperm inSilene albaMiller E.H.L. Krause

An ultrastructural study of perisperm and endosperm inSilene albaMiller E.H.L. Krause

Early Endosperm, Embryo, and Ovule Development in Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Histochemical, Structural and Ultrastructural Features of Endosperm in Alyssum Maritimum Lam.

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