Fine Root Production and Decomposition in Lowland Rainforest and Oil Palm Plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia

Violita, Violita; Triadiati, Triadiati; Anas, Iswandi; Miftahudin, Miftahudin

doi:10.1016/j.hjb.2015.10.008

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Kilimanjaro tended to increase while C stabilization decreased. This is in contrast to previous findings that connected land-use intensification to decreasing decomposition rates (Attignon et al, 2004;Violita, Triadiati, Anas, & Miftahudin, 2016). Under similar environmental conditions as compared with the lower slopes of Mt.…”

Section: Effects Of Land Usecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Teatime on Mount Kilimanjaro: Assessing climate and land‐use effects on litter decomposition and stabilization using the Tea Bag Index

Becker

Kuzyakov

2018

Land Degrad Dev

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Decomposition is one of the most important processes in ecosystem carbon (C) and nutrient cycles and is a major factor controlling ecosystem functions. The functioning of Afromontane ecosystems and their ability to provide ecosystem services are particularly threatened by climate and land‐use change. Our objectives were to assess the effects of climatic conditions (elevation and seasonality) and land‐use intensity on litter decomposition and C stabilization in 10 ecosystems along the unique 3,000‐m elevation gradient of Mt. Kilimanjaro. Tea Bag Index parameters (decomposition‐rate‐constant k and stabilization‐factor S) were used to quantify decomposition of standardized litter substrate. Nine pairs of tea bags (green and rooibos tea) were exposed in each ecosystem during the short‐wet, warm‐dry, long‐wet and cold‐dry season. Decomposition rate increased from k = 0.007 in savanna (SAV; 950‐m elevation), up to a maximum of k = 0.022 in montane cloud forest (2,100 m). This was followed by a 50% decrease in (sub‐)alpine ecosystems (>4,000 m). SAV experienced the strongest seasonal variation, with 23‐times higher S values in dry season compared with wet season. The conversion of SAV to maize monocultures (~1,000 m) and traditional agroforestry to large‐scale coffee plantations (~1,300 m) increased mean k values, and stabilization factors were about one‐third lower. Forests between 1,900 and 2,100 m represent the zone of sufficient moisture and optimal temperature conditions. Seasonal moisture (lower slope) and temperature limitation (alpine zone) decreases litter decomposition. Mt. Kilimanjaro ecosystems are highly sensitive to land‐use change, which accelerates ecosystem cycles and decreases C stabilization.

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Section: Effects Of Land Usecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Teatime on Mount Kilimanjaro: Assessing climate and land‐use effects on litter decomposition and stabilization using the Tea Bag Index

Becker

Kuzyakov

2018

Land Degrad Dev

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“…Oil palms are highly productive species forming an extensive root system (Lamade et al, 1996;Nelson et al, 2014). Higher root biomass in oil palm plantations than in rainforests has often been reported (this study; Violita et al, 2016;Kotowska et al 2016;Guillaume et al, 2018). Higher root density resulted in the enhanced recovery of the added 15 N. However, the initial 15 N recovery in our experimental soil volume was also higher in the plantation than in the forest.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…This work revealed that the lower root N contents, often found in roots of oil palms as compared with rainforest roots (this study, Sahner et al, 2015;Violita et al, 2016), are not based on lower efficiencies of oil palms to take up N from the soil. The differences are likely based on distinct plant-specific patterns of internal utilization of the absorbed N, highlighting a strong capacity of oil palms to acquire N. Thus, this study lends support to previous findings that the commonly applied high N fertilization rates may not be needed for maintaining the oil palm yields (Dubos et al, 2017;Darras et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Differences in Root Nitrogen Uptake Between Tropical Lowland Rainforests and Oil Palm Plantations

et al. 2020

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Conversion of lowland tropical rainforests to intensely fertilized agricultural land-use systems such as oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plantations leads to changes in nitrogen (N) cycling. Although soil microbial-driven N dynamics has been largely studied, the role of the plant as a major component in N uptake has rarely been considered. We address this gap by comparing the root N contents and uptake in lowland rainforests with that in oil palm plantations on Sumatra, Indonesia. To this aim, we applied 15 N-labeled ammonium to intact soil, measured the 15 N recovery in soil and roots, and calculated the root relative N uptake efficiency for 10 days after label application. We found that root N contents were by one third higher in the rainforest than oil palm plantations. However, 15 N uptake efficiency was similar in the two systems. This finding suggests that lower N contents in oil palm roots were likely caused by plant internal utilization of the absorbed N (e.g., N export to fruit bunches) than by lower ability to take up N from the soil. 15 N recovery in roots was primarily driven by the amount of root biomass, which was higher in oil palm plantation than rainforest. The oil palms unveiled a high capacity to acquire N, offering the possibility of enhancing sustainable plantation management by reducing N fertilizer application.

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“…According to Cusack et al [62], precipitation-related parameters are strong predictors of litter decomposition in neotropical forests, and Hobbie et al [67] also suggested that moister soils could facilitate rapid mass loss by promoting leaching and microbial activity or a faster colonisation of decomposing material by microbes. Moreover, Zhang et al [68] and Violita et al [69] stated that the decomposition rate of roots increased with increasing internal Ca concentration in roots. However, in our study, soil Ca concentration had a negative influence on the decomposition rate of all fine root classes.…”

Section: Soil Factors Influences On Fine Root Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Fine Roots of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

Shen

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2017

Forests

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Several studies have focused on fine roots characteristics because they provide a major pathway for nutrient cycling and energy flow in forest ecosystems. However, few studies have evaluated changes in fine root characteristics according to their diameter. Pinus massoniana forests are the main vegetative component in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and play an important role in providing forest resources and ecological services. Pinus massoniana fine roots were sorted into 0-0.5, 0.5-1, and 1-2 mm diameter classes, and their fine root standing biomass (FRB), necromass, annual production and decomposition rates were determined and correlated with soil characteristics. These fine roots in three diameter classes significantly differed in their initial carbon (C), C/N ratio, FRB, necromass, annual C and N production and decomposition rate. The production and decomposition of these different diameter classes varied significantly with soil variables including soil temperature, moisture, calcium and ammonium concentration but the strength of these interactions varied dependent on diameter class. The very fine roots had a faster decomposition ratio than larger fine roots due to the lower N content, higher C/N ratio and higher sensitivity to soil environmental factors. These results clearly indicate heterogeneity among fine roots of different diameters, and these variations should be taken into account when studying fine root characteristics and their role in the C cycle.

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Fine Root Production and Decomposition in Lowland Rainforest and Oil Palm Plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Teatime on Mount Kilimanjaro: Assessing climate and land‐use effects on litter decomposition and stabilization using the Tea Bag Index

Teatime on Mount Kilimanjaro: Assessing climate and land‐use effects on litter decomposition and stabilization using the Tea Bag Index

Differences in Root Nitrogen Uptake Between Tropical Lowland Rainforests and Oil Palm Plantations

Characteristics of Fine Roots of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

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