Financing of HIV/AIDS programme scale-up in low-income and middle-income countries, 2009–31

Willingness to pay for methadone maintenance treatment in Vietnamese epicentres of injection-drug-driven HIV infection

“…During 2000-2008, overall spending on HIV infection and AIDS in low-and middle-income countries increased approximately 10-fold, to US$ 13.7 billion. 1 Rapid and comprehensive responses to the HIV pandemic have substantially improved the health and social well-being of populations in various settings. For example, in the region denoted by the United Nations as Asia and the Pacific, where the burden of HIV infection is second only to that in Africa, there was an average 20% decline in new infections annually during [2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009].…”

“…However, budget constraints due to the global economic slowdown make it more difficult for governments to effectively fund multiple competing social and health issues. 1 Viet Nam has one of the fastest growing epidemics of HIV infection in Asia and is experiencing economic and epidemiologic transitions. Although the HIV epidemic in Viet Nam is still in a concentrated stage, the potential for a generalized epidemic is increasing, as indicated by a very high prevalence of HIV infection among high-risk groups and by a hidden epidemic among females.…”

Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Intravaginal Rings Delivering Tenofovir in Pig-Tailed Macaques

“…The global incidence of HIV was estimated at 2.6 million in 2009, and 22 million more people are predicted to acquire HIV by 2031 (16,42). Campaigns aimed at encouraging monogamy and condom use have had limited success in areas where marriage has been identified as the major risk factor for HIV acquisition in women (2,7,9,14,26).…”

Conceptualizing a Human Right to Prevention in Global HIV/AIDS Policy

“…This is particularly acute in HIV prevention research, where, even in the example of the test and treat model, no rights-based frameworks have been developed to govern how developed states, international organizations and industries will commit to providing access to prospective prevention interventions (Gostin and Kim, 2011). Where current international commitments have focused on treatment to the detriment of prevention (Piot et al, 2008;Brock and Wikler, 2009), future financing mechanisms will be necessary to support the distribution of HIV prevention (Hecht et al, 2010;Meyer-Rath and Over, 2012). While a collective rightsbased approach will necessarily involve funding tradeoffs, bearing the immeasurable cost of individual lives lost for the societal benefit of public health prevention, such tradeoffs will be essential to assuring the conditions underlying HIV protection for all.…”