Filtration, 2. Equipment

Abstract

The article contains sections titled: 1. Classification of Filtration Equipment 2. Laboratory Test‐Filters for Cake Filtration 3. Nutsche (Pan) Filters 4. Filter Presses 4.1. Plate‐and‐Frame and Recessed‐Plate Filter Presses 4.1.1. Filtration Cycle 4.1.2. Applications 4.2. Membrane Filter Presses 4.3. Plate Presses with Belt Discharge (Automatic Filter Presses) 4.4. Filter Presses with Stationary and Rotating Plates 4.5. Sheet Filter Presses 4.6. Tube Presses 5. Bag Filters 6. Candle Filters 6.1. Cartridge Designs 6.2. Design and Selection of Candle Filters 7. Leaf and Plate Filters 7.1. Design of Leaf and Plate Filters 7.2. Flowable and Nonflowable Filter Cakes 7.3. Applications 8. Belt Filters 9. Disk Filters 10. Drum Filters 10.1. Gravity Drum Filters (Revolving Screens) 10.2. Vaccum Drum Filters 10.2.1. Sizing of Vacuum Drum Filters 10.2.2. Multi‐Compartment Drum Filters 10.2.3. Cake Discharge Devices 10.2.4. Accessories 10.2.5. Inner‐Face Vaccum Drum Filters 10.3. Pressure Drum Filters 11. Dynamic Filters 11.1. Cross‐Flow Filters with Membrane Modules 11.2. Axial and Radial Shear Gap Filter 12. Deep‐Bed Filters 13. Special Filter Types 14. Filter Selection 15. Filter Media 15.1. Perforated Plates, Screens, Slotted Screens 15.2. Fabrics 15.3. Nonwovens, Papers, and Felts 15.4. Packed Beds and Precoat Layers 15.5. Rigid Porous Materials 15.6. Membranes 16. Filter Aids

State‐Of‐The‐Art Quantification of Polymer Solution Viscosity for Plastic Waste Recycling

“…In a filtration separation process solid particles present in the suspension are retained by a filter medium that is semi permeable to the fluid phase (filtrate). [ 175 , 176 ] The driving force in filtration is the application of a pressure difference, which can be produced by a pressurized fluid, vacuum, gravity or centrifugal force. [176] To model such equipment, the cake filtration approach is most frequently used (Figure 17 ).…”

“…[ 175 , 176 ] The driving force in filtration is the application of a pressure difference, which can be produced by a pressurized fluid, vacuum, gravity or centrifugal force. [176] To model such equipment, the cake filtration approach is most frequently used (Figure 17 ). [176] A porous layer with a constant permeability is formed by the solids that deposit on the filter medium.…”

“… [176] To model such equipment, the cake filtration approach is most frequently used (Figure 17 ). [176] A porous layer with a constant permeability is formed by the solids that deposit on the filter medium.…”

“…The determination of the specific cake resistance, α , of the filter cake is also very important for cake filtration [177] and depends on the porous structure, concentration of solid particles and pressure drop. [176] For compressible cakes, the cake specific resistance, α , is a function of the pressure drop across the cake. [ 175 , 181 ] When the cake is compressed, the porosity and the permeability decrease (Figure 18 ).…”

Compressed Baker's Yeast: Mapping Patents on Post‐Fermentation Processes

“…Some information on industrial‐scale centrifugation of fermentation media exists within specialized equipment manufacturers (Beveridge ). Filtration fundamentals and equipment for miscellaneous industrial applications have been reviewed by Ripperger and others (, ). Highly valuable technical information is also available in the patent literature, a rich but neglected source of information on innovations and technologies (Dijkstra ).…”