Filter Paper Electrophoresis of Serum Proteins of the Domestic Fowl.

McKinley, W. P.; Oliver, W. F.; Maw, W. A.; Common, R. H.

doi:10.3181/00379727-84-20642

Cited by 32 publications

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“…The new protein complex consisted of phosphoprotein and lipoprotein (10, 11) was synthesized by liver in response to estrogens, then supplied to the ovarian follicles for construction the yolk proteins (12,13). It has also been reported that this serum protein complex is obtained by electrophoresis as a slow-moving protein fraction rich in phosphorus from serum of laying or estrogenized birds (8) and is suggested as a lipovitellin-phosvitinr-livetin complex (14). This protein complex had been found in the yolk by Joubert and Cook (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little mercury was detected in the ethylalcohol-ether extractable lipid fraction of the sera. Many studies have noted that a new protein complex appeared in blood plasma of laying birds (6, 7) and of estrogenized birds (8,9). The new protein complex consisted of phosphoprotein and lipoprotein (10, 11) was synthesized by liver in response to estrogens, then supplied to the ovarian follicles for construction the yolk proteins (12,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Transport Mechanism of Mercury Into Ovarian Follicles in Laying Quail

Nishimura

Urakawa

1972

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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It has been reported that mercury given to laying birds as alkoxy mercury compounds (1) or inorganic mercury (1, 2) was transported into ovarian follicles. In the previous report, Nishimura and Urakawa (3) have suggested that inorganic mercury given to laying quail probably binds to a serum protein which is biosynthesized in the liver in response to estrogens, and the bound mercury is transported to deposit in the ovarian follicles.In the present paper, the mercury-bound protein in the egg yolk and the serum from laying quail was studied to clarify a transport mechanism of mercury into ovarian follicles, especially a protein-bound carrying system. METHODSQuail (Cotm•nix coturnix japonica) of both sexes used in the experiment were of the JQ-NIBS closed colony strain and were supplied by the Nippon Institute for Biological Science (Tachikawa, Tokyo). Male quail were 6 to 8 weeks old and weighed approx. 90 g. Laying quail were 8 to 20 weeks old and weighed approx. 130 g. The laying quail selected for experiment had a history of producing more than five eggs a week (2).Estrogenization: Eight weeks old male quail were injected intramuscularly with a single dose of 0.2 mg of aqueous suspending estradiol benzoate (1, 3, 5, (10)-estratriene 3, 17-diol-3-monobenzoate) (Teikoku Zoki Co., Ltd., Tokyo) in a volume of 0.2 ml per 100 g of body wt 48 hr before radiomercury administration.Serum preparation: Laying quail with a hard shell egg in uterus and male quail with or without estrogenization were injected with radioactive mercuric nitrate (203Hg(NO3)2, 8.65 mCi/mg Hg, the New England Nuclear corporation) into the jugular vein. The dose of 203Hg(NO3)2 for a bird was 0.05 mg Hg per 100 g of body wt in a volume of 0.1 ml in 0.01 N HNO3 solution. The dose of mercuric nitrate had no inhibitory effect on egg production. Three hr after the injection of radiomercury, all birds were sacrificed by decapitation for a collection and preparation of serum sample.Egg yolk preparation: Laying quail were injected with 203Hg(NO3)2 in the dose of 0.05 mg Hg per 100 g of body wt for a bird. The second to fifth or the sixth eggs laid after the injection of radiomercury were collected, and the egg yolk was separated. About

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transport Mechanism of Mercury Into Ovarian Follicles in Laying Quail

Nishimura

Urakawa

1972

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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“…In many of birds, the onset of laying caused changes in the majority of the constituents in plasma or sera, such as increases in total lipids (15)(16)(17) and total calcium (13,14,18,23) and appearances of serum vitellin (15,16,18,22,23) and a phosphoprotein (15)(16)(17). Estrogenization also caused hyperlipernia (31-39), hypercalce mia (23,31,32,41,44,46,48,50,51), and appearances of serum vitellin (20,49,52) and a phosphoprotein (40, [45][46][47]51). The phosphoprotein was proved to be phosvitin (28,29) which had been found as one of the yolk proteins (53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Estrogenization on the Distribution of Radiomercury in Quail

Nishimura

Urakawa

1972

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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It is known that mercury derivatives are transported into eggs developing in the reproduc tive organs of birds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)). An egg consists of three components; yolk which develops in the ovary, albumen and shell which are secreted from the site of magnum and the site of uterus of the oviduct, respectively (13). It is known also that alkoxy mercury deriva tives (9, 10) and inorganic mercury (10, 12) are transported mostly into egg yolk, and alkyl mercury compounds into egg albumen (1, 3, 5, 6, 10) and shell (1). The difference in the mode of the transportation may be due to the difference in chemical form among these mercurials (9, 12).
On the other hand, the onset of laying in domestic fowls is accompanied by changes in the majority of the plasma components (13-30). Similar changes in the plasma were induced in immature pullets, nonlaying hens, cockerels, and other birds by treatment with estrogens (20,23,. Large quantities of phospholipids and phosphoprotein in the serum of the laying hen are synthesized in the liver in response to estrogens (20,49,52), and the phospholipids and the phosphoprotein are transported and accumulated into ovarian follicles (20).
Rissanen and Mietinen reported that inorganic mercury or alkoxy mercury derivatives possibly bound to the yolk proteins (9). These forms of mercurials would be transported into ovarian follicles via the circurating blood plasma in a yolk-protein bound form. There is a possibility that retention of mercury in birds may be controlled by treatment with es trogens. In this paper, the effect of estrogenization on distribution of radiomercury is compared between male and immature female quail and laying quail, and interrelationship among all the four entities, i.e., laying plsama, estrogens, plasma radiomercury, and yolk radiomercury, is discussed. METHODSQuail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) used in this experiment were of the JQ-NIBS closed strain and were supplied by the Nippon Institute for Biological Science Tachikawa. Both immature female and adult male quail of 4 and 6 weeks, respectively, were employed.Weight was approx. 90 g each while the laying quail weighed approx. 130 g. Quail which

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“…The presence of yolk-like material has been disclosed in the plasma of estrogentreated roosters by electrophoresis (Brandt et al, 1951;McKinley et al, 1953), and ultracentrifugation (Urist et al, 1958). These roosters showed positive reaction to NaCl-acetate solution as well as laying hens did.…”

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confidence: 97%