commercial modules, respectively), excellent stability (>25 years guaranteed lifetime), low cost (<$0.30 per peak watt), and mature production lines. [1] Further improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) is the most effective way to reduce the cost of solar electricity. Nevertheless, the record PCE of single-junction Si solar cells is approaching its theoretical limit of 29.4%. [2] Tandem solar cells are widely regarded as the most promising strategy to break the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) efficiency limit [3] since they can reduce the thermal relaxation energy loss of highenergy photons. [4] Theoretical calculations show that in double-junction Si-based tandem solar cells, the top cells should have a ≈1.7 eV bandgap (E g ) and tandem solar cells could achieve an efficiency limit of ≈45% [5] (Figure 1a).At present, III-V compounds and halide perovskites with a 1.7 eV bandgap are the most promising top cells for Si-based tandem solar cells (Figure 1a). [1b] Both of their single-junction and Si-based tandem solar cells have achieved >20% and >29% efficiency, respectively. [6] Nevertheless, they both suffer from obvious drawbacks. III-V photovoltaics are stable and highly efficient; however, they require sophisticated fabrication procedures and expensive fabrication equipment, leading to the prohibitive cost (≈$150 per peak watt) [7] and limited deployment. As for halide perovskites, they could be directly processed, either via solution processing or thermal evaporation, onto Si bottom solar cells without sacrificing device performance. Currently, two-terminal perovskite/Si tandem solar cells have achieved a record efficiency of 29.8%, but the long-term stability of perovskite top cells is not fully resolved. [8] Overall, what is the best choice as the top cell for Si-based tandem devices is still an open question in the field. It is thus highly valuable to explore new absorber materials for the top cell.Various semiconductors with ≈1.7 eV bandgap, such as amorphous-Si (a-Si), Zn x Cd 1-x Te, CuGaSe 2, and Sb 2 S 3 , have been considered as the alternative top cells over the past years (Table 1). A-Si sounds promising in terms of the simple chemical element, low fabrication cost, and large absorption coefficient. In 1990, an impressive efficiency of 15.04% has been achieved for two-terminal a-Si/c-Si tandem solar cells, but no progress was made since then due to its complex defects and the band tail state effect. [9] Wide bandgap Zn x Cd 1-x Te and CuGaSe 2 , originating from the commercial CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 solar cells,
Silicon-based tandem solar cells are regarded as one of the most feasible ways to break the single-junction Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency and further reduce the cost of solar electricity. Recently, wide-bandgap (≈1.7 eV) perovskite solar cells have drawn intense research interest as the top cell for Si-based tandem devices. Despite significant progress in device efficiency, the unsatisfactory stability of perovskites is still a huge concern. Besides halide perovskites, there are many in...