Filler‐polymer interactions of styrene and butadiene units in silica‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber compounds

Choi, Sung‐Seen; Kim, Ik-Sik; Lee, Seung Goo; Joo, Chang Whan

doi:10.1002/polb.10689

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…5,22,23 The mechanism and factors affecting the formation of bound rubber are very complicated. 33,34 Figure 5 shows the effect of SA content on the bound rubber content of rubber compounds. It is clear that the bound rubber content increases notably with the incorporation of SA, suggesting a remarkably improved interface interaction between silica and the SBR matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significantly improved performance of rubber/silica composites by addition of sorbic acid

Guo

Chen

Lei

et al. 2010

Polym J

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Sorbic acid (SA) was used to improve the performance of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/silica composites by direct blending. The mechanisms for the significantly improved performance were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and by the determinations of bound rubber content and crosslink density. The strong interfacial bonding between silica and the rubber matrix resulted from SA-intermediated linkages. Significantly improved dispersion of silica by virtue of the interactions between silica and SA was found. Formation of zinc disorbate during compounding of composites was confirmed. The effects of SA content on vulcanization behavior, morphology, mechanical properties and abrasion loss of composites were studied. Significantly improved mechanical properties of SA-modified SBR/silica composites were demonstrated. Changes in vulcanization behavior, morphology and performance were correlated with the interactions between silica and SA and the largely improved dispersion of silica. Polymer Journal ( Keywords: interface; SA; SBR; silica; zinc disorbate INTRODUCTION Silica is one of the most important reinforcing fillers in the rubber industry. As a reinforcing filler, silica provides a unique combination of high tear strength, high modulus and fatigue resistance, particularly low rolling resistance and superior wet traction for 'green' tire tread applications. 1-5 However, numerous hydrophilic silanols exist on the silica surface, resulting in strong filler-filler interactions and poor affinity toward hydrocarbon rubbers, such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). [6][7][8] It is well accepted that dispersion and interfacial bonding are two crucial factors in determining the ultimate performance of rubber/silica composites. 6 Owing to unsatisfactory dispersion and interfacial interactions, the performance of pristine silica-filled SBR compounds in areas such as strength and abrasion resistance hardly meets the requirements for high-performance rubber products. Numerous routes for improving the performance of silicareinforced rubber compounds have been attempted, and some success has been achieved. Incorporation of silanes, especially those containing polysulfides such as Si69 and Si75, during the processing of rubber/silica compounds is the most common practice for improving the overall performance. These modifications establish chemical linkages between the rubber network and the silica surface. [9][10][11][12] Alternatively, grafting techniques also render better dispersion and interfacial bonding in rubber/silica systems. [13][14][15][16][17] For example, Inoubli et al. 14 investigated polybutylacrylate (PBA) filled with Stöber silica particles grafted with PBA chains; their small-angle neutron scattering and transmission electron microscopy results showed well-dispersed grafted silica particles in the PBA matrix. Other methods such as

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significantly improved performance of rubber/silica composites by addition of sorbic acid

Guo

Chen

Lei

et al. 2010

Polym J

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“…19 In previous work, liquids polybutadienes 17,18 and commercially available liquid SBR 20 (non-functionalized) were evaluated in rubber compounding. Although previous papers report the impact of high 1,2-units content towards silica, 21,22 as well as deterioration of application properties when higher amount of liquid is used, 20 no information considering influence of the functionalized liquid SSBR on vulcanizate properties was found. Here, we present synthesis and modification of low-molecular weight solution styrene-butadiene rubbers (L-SSBR) and their application in rubber compounding as a novel alternative for the commonly used TDAE oil for silica-filled rubber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-molecular-weight styrene–butadiene copolymers (L-SSBR) as processing aids used for silica-filled rubber: Synthesis, functionalization and application

Robak

Rogoża

Łapkowski

2018

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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Three different types of low-molecular-weight solution styrene-butadiene rubbers (L-SSBRs) were synthesized by anionic polymerization. Two of them were end-capped with methoxy (M-L-SSBR) and ethoxy (E-L-SSBR) functional groups, respectively, while the other was terminated with alcohol (L-SSBR). The content of functional groups was estimated on the basis of gel permeation chromatography and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The influence of L-SSBR on the properties of silica-filled SSBR as an alternative for the plasticizing oil was investigated in tyre tread formulation. L-SSBRs of high vinyl content were used in place of part of oil for preparation of compound K1 enriched with linear (L-SSBR) and compound K2 and K3 enriched with two star-like liquid rubbers modified, respectively, with methoxy (M-L-SSBR) and ethoxy (E-L-SSBR) functional groups. Although particular attention was paid to the effect of polar groups on the silica dispersions, cure characteristic, compound viscosity and mechanical properties were also analyzed. Rubber with only treated distillate aromatic extract was used (K5) as the reference.

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“…Grades of SBR are determined by ratios of the four components. Polymer-filler interactions of SBR or butadiene rubber (BR) vary according to the microstructures [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Recovery rate of an SBR composite increases with increasing the 1,2-unit and styrene contents [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of pyrolysis products formed from styrene-1,2-unit heterosequence of styrene–butadiene copolymer

Choi

Kwon

2013

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Filler‐polymer interactions of styrene and butadiene units in silica‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber compounds

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Significantly improved performance of rubber/silica composites by addition of sorbic acid

Significantly improved performance of rubber/silica composites by addition of sorbic acid

Low-molecular-weight styrene–butadiene copolymers (L-SSBR) as processing aids used for silica-filled rubber: Synthesis, functionalization and application

Characterization of pyrolysis products formed from styrene-1,2-unit heterosequence of styrene–butadiene copolymer

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