“…This was the age of the birth and death (or murder) of nationalist newspapers, such as the La Solidaridad, Kalayaan, Republica Flipina, El Heraldo de la Revolucion, La Independencia, El Nuevo Dia, El Renacimiento including Muling Pagsilang, andRenacimiento Filipino (Kalaw, 1926, 1939;Tiongson & Cruz-Lucero, 1994;Zafra, 1993). 4 The time of La Solidaridad saw the publication of pamphlets similar in form to librettos of masses in Spanish, which can also be considered essays.…”