Filarial hydropneumothorax: a strange journey

Chakraborty, A; Mukherjee, Anindya; Talukdar, Payel; Talukdar, Arunansu

doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-209470

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, these cases were not included as they did not pertain to the genus Diro laria. [13][14][15][16][17] All three clinical cases of diro lariasis, including the one under consideration, involved women, aligning with scoping review analyses indicating a higher prevalence of diro lariasis in women, particularly those aged 50-59 years. 3 Scienti c research underscores that the majority of diro lariasis cases are concentrated in southern Europe, particularly Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Dirofilariasis Presenting as Pleural Effusion: a Rare Case Report With Unusual Manifestations and Treatment Modalities

Valčiukaitė-Žilinskienė,

Zablockienė,

Zablockis

2024

Preprint

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Background: We present an extremely rare manifestation of dirofilariasis in the pleural cavity. This is the first human pulmonary dirofilariasis reported in Lithuania; according to our knowledge, only two other patients were documented with this pathology in the world. Case presentation: A 72-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital complaining of dyspnea, left-side chest pain, and a dry cough. She was a retiree living alone in the countryside without domestic pets (sometimes stray dogs appear) or a travel history. A complete blood count was within normal limits, with a CRP level of 16.8 mg/l and D-dimer concentration of 900 µg/l, which raised suspicion of pulmonary embolism. In chest computed tomography angiography, pulmonary embolism was excluded, and only left pleural effusion without abnormal lesions was confirmed. Right thoracocentesis was performed, and the pleural fluid was evaluated as an exudate with a predominance of eosinophils (59%), along with the presence of parasites. These parasites exhibited the morphology of Dirofilaria repens. Oral doxycycline (100 mg, twice daily) and albendazole (400 mg, twice daily) were prescribed for a 14-day course. A month later, there were no pathological findings on the chest X-ray, and the patient no longer had respiratory symptoms. However, the patient presented with a newly emerged, painful palpable right axillary region mass. Ultrasound imaging revealed a 1.5 x 2 cm nodule, which was surgically removed. Parasites consistent with Dirofilaria repens were suspected but not definitively identified. Pharmacological treatment for dirofilariasis was not further prescribed. Conclusions: This case encourages doctors to be more vigilant because the patient, who neither traveled nor kept any pets, contracted dirofilariasis. Diagnostic and treatment guidelines are lacking, necessitating further research. Treatment with doxycycline and albendazole yielded positive outcomes, suggesting potential efficacy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Dirofilariasis Presenting as Pleural Effusion: a Rare Case Report With Unusual Manifestations and Treatment Modalities

Valčiukaitė-Žilinskienė,

Zablockienė,

Zablockis

2024

Preprint

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“…A retrospective search of the PUBMED database revealed 19 cases being reported after the year 2000 (Table 1). 2,3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Of these, the majority were young to middle aged (median age 36 years; range 5-74 years) males (M:F ¼ 12:7), implying working age more exposed to the disease vector. 2,19 Breathlessness, inevitably, was the most common presenting symptom with a median duration of four weeks (range 10 days-8 months).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A retrospective search of the PUBMED database revealed 19 cases being reported after the year 2000 (Table 1). 2,3,5–18 Of these, the majority were young to middle aged (median age 36 years; range 5–74 years) males (M:F = 12:7), implying working age more exposed to the disease vector. 2,19…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…þ À Pregnancy Not known 3 Marathe et al 7 30/M 0.5 Left S þ þ Not known 4 Roy et al 8 35/M B/L þ À Not known 5 Patil et al 9 48/F 1 Right H þ þ Malignancy Improved 6 Marwah et al 10 30/M 0.5 Left S þ þ Improved 7 Menon et al 11 22/M 1 Left S þ þ Improved 8 Garg et al 12 70/F 1.5 Right S þ À Tuberculosis Improved 9 Singh et al 13 60/F 2 Right H þ þ Malignancy Improved 10 Aggarwal et al 14 21/F 1 B/L S À À Disseminated disease Improved 11 Navaz et al 15 70/M 6 Right H þ À Malignancy, post CABG Improved 12 Handa et al 2 36/M 0.25 Right S þ À Not known 41/F 033 Right S þ þ Not known 13 Chakraborty et al 16 28/M 0.33 Left H þ þ Hydropneumo thorax Improved 14 Shukla et al 17 58/M Left Improved 15 Pal et al 18 38/M 0.75 Right S þ þ Improved 16 Chaturvedi…”

Section: Orcid Idmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filariasis presenting as isolated pleural effusion: A case report and mini review

et al. 2020

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Isolated pleural effusion is a rare manifestation of filariasis that mimics tuberculosis, especially in endemic regions. We describe a case of lymphocytic and exudative pleural effusion showing microfilaria on pleural fluid cytology. A retrospective review of all cases of filarial pleural effusion reported after 2000 was conducted to evaluate the association between filariasis and pleural effusion as well as to screen the features that can help in accurate detection of these patients. The analysis suggested a causal association between the parasite and the development of pleural effusion with a high sensitivity of pleural fluid cytology for diagnosis.

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“…Chest pain was rarely reported with filariasis. It may indicate pleural effusion or pneumothorax, and both were not present in our case [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

COVID-19 unfolding filariasis: The first case of SARS-CoV-2 and Wuchereria bancrofti coinfection

Mohamed

Yousaf

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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With the evolution of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the number of patients brought to medical attention has increased. This has led to the unmasking of many coexisting occult infections and comorbidities such as tuberculosis, dengue, human immunodeficiency viral infection, diabetes, and hypertension. We report the first case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, unveiling the diagnosis of asymptomatic filariasis. A 37-year-old gentleman presented with shortness of breath, fever, and cough. He was found to have COVID-19 pneumonia. During his stay, microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti was detected incidentally on a blood smear exam. Consequently, the patient received appropriate treatment for both conditions. In order not to miss relevant concomitant diagnoses, it is prudent to keep a broad differential diagnosis when faced with SARS-CoV-2–infected patients; this is especially true when atypical symptoms are present or in areas endemic with other infections.

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Filarial hydropneumothorax: a strange journey

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Dirofilariasis Presenting as Pleural Effusion: a Rare Case Report With Unusual Manifestations and Treatment Modalities

Dirofilariasis Presenting as Pleural Effusion: a Rare Case Report With Unusual Manifestations and Treatment Modalities

Filariasis presenting as isolated pleural effusion: A case report and mini review

COVID-19 unfolding filariasis: The first case of SARS-CoV-2 and Wuchereria bancrofti coinfection

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