Fifty Years of Research on the Lymphocystis Virus Disease of Fishes (1914‐1964)

Weißenberg, Richard

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb14286.x

Cited by 64 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…High magnification of the interfacing region between the xenoma wall (XW) and the host body wall; arrows show vesicles filled with amorphous, lucent material. Scale bar = 20 µm ogy and development of Glugea is a result of the investigations conducted by Weissenberg (1949Weissenberg ( , 1965Weissenberg ( , 1968. In the early part of the 19th century, microsporidean researchers were divided on the origins of the cytoplasmic wall of the xenoma and of the large vesicular nuclei of Glugea.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemistry, histopathology and ultrastructure of Gasterosteus aculeatus tissues infected with Glugea anomala

Dezfuli¹,

Giari²,

Simoni³

et al. 2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Immunohistochemical and histopathological studies were conducted on a population of 3-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus (L.) from Loch Airthrey (Stirling, Scotland) naturally infected with the microsporean Glugea anomala (Moniez 1887). Of the 55 host specimens that were examined, 16 (29.09%) were infected, the intensity of infection ranging from 1 to 4 xenomas per fish, which were principally located within the central portion of the body lateral flank musculature. All 32 G. anomala xenomas examined were mature, their diameter ranging from 936 to 2232 µm, and their walls of presented a laminar structure. Subcutaneously situated xenomas protruded from the fish body surface, whilst xenomas encountered within the intestine were seen to cause distortion. Light and electron microscopical observations confirmed a host cellular reaction around the xenoma, seen by the presence of eosinophile granule cells (EGCs), and some neutrophils. The occurrences of rodlet cells among the intestinal epithelial cells, and in close proximity to the xenoma wall, were observed in certain specimens. Outside the xenoma wall, macrophage aggregates (MAs) were commonly encountered. Within the xenoma wall, the presence of eosinophile granular cells immunoreactive to the anti-serotonin serum was also recorded. Further immunohistochemical tests revealed that a high number of nerve fibres running along the white lateral muscle fibres were immunoreactive to bombesin-, galanin-, and leu-enkephalin-antisera. Nerve fibres containing bombesin-and leu-enkephalin-like substances were also observed in the connective inflammatory tissue around the protozoan cyst, while neurons in the spinal ganglia were immunoreactive to met-enkephalin, and serotonin antisera. The control for the specificity of immunohistochemical reactions was performed using preabsorption tests of each antiserum with the corresponding antigen, and no immunoreactivity was noticed. The data presented are discussed in relation to the occurrence of G. anomala, which alters the pattern of nerve fibres present in the host. Specifically, the protozoan induces a response in the stickleback nervous system, the reaction of which is revealed through the application of immunohistochemical techniques.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemistry, histopathology and ultrastructure of Gasterosteus aculeatus tissues infected with Glugea anomala

Dezfuli¹,

Giari²,

Simoni³

et al. 2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Although one family member, lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV), has been known for over a century by the wart-like disease it causes in multiple species of salt-and fresh-water fish (Weissenberg 1965), and study of a second family member, frog virus 3 (FV3), has elucidated novel events in eukaryotic virus replication, the perceived absence of commercial, agricultural, medical, or ecological damage resulting from iridovirid infections limited interest in, and study of, this diverse virus family . Initially, iridovirids attracted interest because of their unusual biology and widespread occurrence in amphibians, fish, and insects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Iridoviridae: Poor Viral Relations No Longer

Chinchar

Hyatt

Miyazaki

et al. 2009

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

181

205

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Members of the family Iridoviridae infect a diverse array of invertebrate and cold-blooded vertebrate hosts and are currently viewed as emerging pathogens of fish and amphibians. Iridovirid replication is unique and involves both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments, a circularly permuted, terminally redundant genome that, in the case of vertebrate iridoviruses, is also highly methylated, and the efficient shutoff of host macromolecular synthesis. Although initially neglected largely due to the perceived lack of health, environmental, and economic concerns, members of the genus Ranavirus , and the newly recognized genus Megalocytivirus , are rapidly attracting

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“…7,9,10,21,30,37,61,63 The family Iridoviridae contains 5 genera, 3 of which are found in fish. 8 One particular genus, Megalocytivirus, contains viruses associated with serious systemic infections resulting in significant mortality (up to 100%) among a growing list of marine and freshwater fishes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Iridovirus Infection in the Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon Kauderni Koumans 1933)

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Iridoviruses infect food and ornamental fish species from a wide range of freshwater to marine habitats across the globe. The objective of the current study was to characterize an iridovirus causing systemic infection of wild-caught Pterapogon kauderni Koumans 1933 (Banggai cardinalfish). Freshly frozen and fixed specimens were processed for histopathologic evaluation, transmission electron microscopic examination, virus culture, molecular virologic testing, microbiology, and in situ hybridization (ISH) using riboprobes. Basophilic granular cytoplasmic inclusions were identified in cytomegalic cells often found beneath endothelium, and hexagonal virus particles typical of iridovirus were identified in the cytoplasm of enlarged cells by transmission electron microscopy. Attempts at virus isolation in cell culture were unsuccessful; however, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular testing resulted in amplification and sequencing of regions of the DNA polymerase and major capsid protein genes, along with the full-length ATPase gene of the putative iridovirus. Virus gene sequences were then used to infer phylogenetic relationships of the P. kauderni agent to other known systemic iridoviruses from fishes. Riboprobes, which were transcribed from a cloned PCR amplification product from the viral genome generated hybridization signals from inclusions within cytomegalic cells in histologic sections tested in ISH experiments. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a systemic iridovirus from P. kauderni. The pathologic changes induced and the genomic sequence data confirm placement of the Banggai cardinalfish iridovirus in the genus Megalocytivirus family Iridoviridae. The ISH provides an additional molecular diagnostic technique for confirmation of presumptive infections detected in histologic sections from infected fish.

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Fifty Years of Research on the Lymphocystis Virus Disease of Fishes (1914‐1964)

Cited by 64 publications

References 11 publications

Immunohistochemistry, histopathology and ultrastructure of Gasterosteus aculeatus tissues infected with Glugea anomala

Immunohistochemistry, histopathology and ultrastructure of Gasterosteus aculeatus tissues infected with Glugea anomala

Family Iridoviridae: Poor Viral Relations No Longer

Systemic Iridovirus Infection in the Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon Kauderni Koumans 1933)

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