Fifty percent internal slope efficiency femtosecond direct-written Tm^3+:ZBLAN waveguide laser

Lancaster, David G.; Gross, Simon; Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Heike; Kuan, K.; Monro, Tanya M.; Ams, Martin; Fuerbach, Alexander; Withford, Michael J.

doi:10.1364/ol.36.001587

Cited by 127 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The rarefaction of the glass network is consistent with the presence of stress induced by the laser modified regions and the occurrence of stress fractures [49]. An expansion of the glass network was also observed by Sramek et al, when irradiating the surfaces of several different fluorozirconate glasses with pulsed 193 nm radiation [50].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Femtosecond laser induced structural changes in fluorozirconate glass

Gross¹,

Lancaster²,

Ebendorff-Heidepriem³

et al. 2013

Opt. Mater. Express

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Femtosecond laser induced structural changes in fluorozirconate glass

Gross¹,

Lancaster²,

Ebendorff-Heidepriem³

et al. 2013

Opt. Mater. Express

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“…The experiments performed utilized a monolithic thulium doped ZrF 4 − BaF 2 − LaF 3 − AlF 3 − NaF (ZBLAN) glass waveguide laser that was custom built using in-house facilities [17]. The 1.89 µm output light was coupled to a 14 µm mode field diameter, single mode fiber (SMF) (N A = 0.11, Thorlabs, SM2000), with a nominal power output of 7.8 mW measured at the fiber tip.…”

Section: Laser Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro neuronal depolarization and increased synaptic activity induced by infrared neural stimulation

Entwisle

McMullan

Bokiniec

et al. 2016

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Neuronal responses to infrared neural stimulation (INS) are explored at the single cell level using patch-clamp electrophysiology. We examined membrane and synaptic responses of solitary tract neurons recorded in acute slices prepared from the Sprague-Dawley rat. Neurons were stimulated using a compact 1890 nm waveguide laser with light delivered to a small target area, comparable to the size of a single cell, via a single-mode fiber. We show that infrared radiation increased spontaneous synaptic event frequency, and evoked steady-state currents and neuronal depolarization. The magnitude of the responses was proportional to laser output.

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“…To inscribe high-quality waveguides, the refractive index change does not necessarily need to be positive in sign. Waveguides can also be created using modifications of negative index change by forming a depressed cladding around an unmodified core [27], as illustrated in Figure 2B. Waveguides can also be inscribed in crystalline and ceramic media [28], where typically only optical damage, that is, Type II modifications, can be induced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

2015

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Since the discovery that tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses can induce a highly localised and permanent refractive index modification in a large number of transparent dielectrics, the technique of ultrafast laser inscription has received great attention from a wide range of applications. In particular, the capability to create three-dimensional optical waveguide circuits has opened up new opportunities for integrated photonics that would not have been possible with traditional planar fabrication techniques because it enables full access to the many degrees of freedom in a photon. This paper reviews the basic techniques and technological challenges of 3D integrated photonics fabricated using ultrafast laser inscription as well as reviews the most recent progress in the fields of astrophotonics, optical communication, quantum photonics, emulation of quantum systems, optofluidics and sensing.

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Fifty percent internal slope efficiency femtosecond direct-written Tm^3+:ZBLAN waveguide laser

Cited by 127 publications

References 11 publications

Femtosecond laser induced structural changes in fluorozirconate glass

Femtosecond laser induced structural changes in fluorozirconate glass

In vitro neuronal depolarization and increased synaptic activity induced by infrared neural stimulation

Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

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