Fifteen-month follow-up of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological trauma.

Wilson, Sandra; Becker, Lee B.; Tinker, Robert H.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.65.6.1047

Cited by 118 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…42 Table 59 (Appendix 1) provides a selection of studies that have reported the long-term efficacy of psychological interventions for PTSD patients that have met diagnostic criteria and have been treated as part of a randomised trial (RT) or randomised controlled trial (RCT). Studies that have reported long-term follow-up data beyond 12 months but have not been incorporated in Table 59 include, for example: studies where the original sample did not meet PTSD formal diagnostic criteria, 42,44 studies where other diagnostic groups such as acute stress disorder were the primary focus of intervention; 45 studies where the focus of intervention was not primarily the alleviation of PTSD symptoms; 46 or studies where the long-term follow-up focused upon a single cohort of patients. 47 The remaining longterm follow-up studies that are here reported are diverse in nature, as illustrated in Table 59.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term outcome of cognitive behaviour therapy clinical trials in central Scotland

Durham

Chambers²,

Power³

et al. 2005

Health Technol Assess

109

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Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term outcome of cognitive behaviour therapy clinical trials in central Scotland

Durham

Chambers²,

Power³

et al. 2005

Health Technol Assess

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These include (a) wait list controls (Rothbaum, 1997;Wilson et al, 1995Wilson et al, , 1997, (b) Veterans Administration (VA) standard care (Boudewyns & Hyer, 1996;Jensen, 1994), (c) biofeedback-assisted relaxation (Carlson, Chemtob, Rusnak, Hedlund, & Muraoka, 1998), (d) muscle relaxation (Vaughan et al, 1994), (e) active listening (Scheck et al, 1998), (f ) individual psychotherapy in an HMO environment (e.g., exposure, cognitive, psychodynamic; Marcus et al, 1997), (g) exposure therapies (Vaughan et al, 1994;Ironson et al, 2002;Rogers et al, 1999), and (h) combinations of exposure and cognitive therapies (Devilly & Spence, 1999;Lee et al, in press). This range of comparisons appears well matched to exposure therapy which has been compared to (a) wait list controls (Keane et al, 1989), (b) VA standard care (Boudewyns & Hyer, 1990;Cooper & Clum, 1989), (c) stress inoculation training and supportive counseling (Foa, Rothbaum, Riggs, & Murdock 1991;Foa et al, 1999), and (d) cognitive restructuring with or without a relaxation control (Marks et al, 1998;Tarrier et al, 1999).…”

Section: Emdr In Comparison To Cbt Treatments For Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most rigorous EMDR civilian studies (e.g., Lee et al, 2002;Marcus et al, 1997;Rothbaum, 1997;Scheck et al, 1997;Wilson et al, 1995Wilson et al, , 1997 have reported substantial clinical effects, and generally indicated that 77-90% of clients no longer suffer from PTSD in 3 to 10 hours of treatment. Large effect sizes have been reported on multiple measures with no relapse at 3-15-month follow-up (Maxfield & Hyer, 2002;Van Etten & Taylor, 1998).…”

Section: Emdr In Comparison To Cbt Treatments For Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

EMDR 12 years after its introduction: Past and future research

Shapiro¹

2001

J Clin Psychol

110

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Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was one of the first treatments of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to be evaluated in controlled research and has to date been empirically supported by 13 such studies. This article reviews the historical context and empirical research of EMDR over the past dozen years. Historically, EMDR's name has caused confusion in that "desensitization" is considered to be only a by-product of reprocessing and because the eye movement component of EMDR is only one form of dual stimulation to be successfully used in this integrative approach. Research is needed to determine the comparative efficacy of EMDR relative to cognitive-behavioral treatments of PTSD. However, this has been hampered by the lack of independent replication studies of the latter treatments. Current component analyses of EMDR have failed to effectively evaluate the relative weighting of its procedures. Parameters for future research and the testing of protocols for diverse disorders are suggested.

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“…However, the studies in these meta-analyses had mostly small sample sizes ( N = 14–67) and covered diverse traumas varying from natural disasters to interpersonal trauma. Even though some studies examining the effectiveness of EMDR included children with subthreshold PTSD in their sample (De Roos et al, 2017; Diehle, Opmeer, Boer, Mannarino, & Lindauer, 2014; Kemp, Drummond, & McDermott, 2010; Wilson, Becker, & Tinker, 1997), no research has yet specifically focused on the effect of EMDR to reduce distress in children with medically related subthreshold PTSD, nor on predictors of EMDR treatment effect in this population. It is very important to identify and reduce subthreshold PTSD in children with medically related trauma to prevent these children developing full diagnostic PTSD and growing up with unresolved trauma and anxieties regarding medical treatment, since this may harm their medical adherence and their (mental) health later in life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in children and adolescents with subthreshold PTSD after medically related trauma: design of a randomized controlled trial

Meentken

Beynum

Aendekerk

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Three in every 10 children and adolescents admitted to a hospital or undergoing medical treatment develop subthreshold symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). When untreated, subthreshold PTSD can have a serious impact on psychosocial functioning, quality of life and long-term psychopathology. However, research investigating subthreshold PTSD and its treatment following paediatric medical interventions and/or hospitalization is scarce. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a fast and non-invasive psychosocial treatment for posttraumatic stress complaints. However, the effectiveness of EMDR in paediatric patients with subthreshold PTSD has not previously been systematically investigated.Objective: Describing the design of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) set up to evaluate the effectiveness of EMDR in children with subthreshold PTSD after hospitalization.Method: Children aged 4–15 years who have undergone a one-time (trauma type I) or repeated (trauma type II) hospitalization up to five years ago will be included. Participating children will be first screened with a standardized questionnaire for PTSD-symptoms. Subsequently, children with subthreshold PTSD will be randomly assigned to (1) approximately six sessions of standardized EMDR or (2) care as usual (CAU). Children with full diagnostic PTSD do not participate in the RCT, but are referred for direct treatment. Follow-up measurements will take place after eight weeks and eight months.Discussion: Considering the scarce evidence for the effectiveness of EMDR in children with medically related trauma, clinicans, researchers and children treated in hospitals can benefit from this study. Potential strengths and limitations of this study are discussed.Trial Registration: Netherlands Trial Register NTR5801

show abstract

Fifteen-month follow-up of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological trauma.

Cited by 118 publications

References 29 publications

Long-term outcome of cognitive behaviour therapy clinical trials in central Scotland

Long-term outcome of cognitive behaviour therapy clinical trials in central Scotland

EMDR 12 years after its introduction: Past and future research

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in children and adolescents with subthreshold PTSD after medically related trauma: design of a randomized controlled trial

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