Field serological investigation for peste des petits ruminants, foot-and-mouth disease, and bluetongue diseases in illegally introduced animals in Egypt

Abstract

Aim: In this study, laboratory scoping on the viruses that cause peste des petits ruminants (PPR), bluetongue (BT), and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) was performed to evaluate the current status of animals illegally introduced into Egypt. This study aims to help control these infectious illnesses and tries to prevent the introduction of other strains of these three viruses to Egypt, as these illnesses spread quickly if not controlled. Materials and Methods: In the year 2018, 62 serum samples were collected and serologically tested through competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) kits to detect antibodies against PPR, BT, and FMD, which are three important transboundary infectious illnesses. Results: The results indicated that 60 out of 62 serum samples were positive for PPR antibodies (96.7%), 31 out of 62 were positive for FMD antibodies (50%), and 59 out of 62 serum samples were positive for BT antibodies (95%). Conclusion: This study revealed that PPR, FMD, and BT can be introduced into Egypt through the illegal introduction of sheep and goat from neighboring countries. Laboratory diagnostic abilities should be improved for the early detection and control of these illnesses.

Virological Diagnoses of Pesti des petitis Ruminants Virus in Sheep in Giza Governorate

“…The collected sera samples in this study were examined by competitive ELISA. The results of PPR antibodies detection showed that 38 out of 40 samples (95%) were positive and these positive results agreed with Hosny et al [2] study, in which the positivity for PPR antibodies were found in 60 out of 62 sera samples by percentage of(96.7%). Also, Abubakar et al [22]found that84 out of110 sera samples were tested positive for PPR antibodies by C-ELISA.…”

“…Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is anacute contagious small ruminant's disease with socioeconomic impact of10-90% and 50-90% morbidity and mortality rates, respectively, in naive populations [1]. Hence, it affects thesustainable farmers livelihood and food security across Africa, the Middle East and Asia [2]. The etiological agent of the disease is the Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) belonging to Morbillivirus genus, sub-family Paramyxovirinae, family Paramyxoviridae, and order Mononegavirales [3].…”

Foot-and-mouth disease seroprevalence is higher in young female crossbred sheep and goats compared to their counterparts in the border area between Pakistan and Afghanistan

“…Our study further revealed that 42.5% of the 800 samples tested positive in the NSP ELISA. This finding was inconsistent with that of a study 14,15 that reported a 50% prevalence of FMD-NSPs in Egypt 14 and 40.4% in Ethiopia 15 . However, this rate was slightly lower (35%) than that reported in a study 16 conducted in the Laos Republic.…”

Peste Des Petits Ruminants in the Middle East: Epidemiological Situation and Status of Control and Eradication Activities after the First Phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (2017–2021)

“…All the strains ever characterized from Egypt belong to lineage IV [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. A high homology with Sudanese viruses was noted, which, along with the serological evidence of PPR infection in SRs [ 57 ] and cattle [ 58 ] imported or smuggled from Sudan, supports the key role of Egypt in the eastward spread of PPR from Africa to the Middle East as suggested by several studies [ 30 , 36 , 58 ].…”