Field release of a non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus L strain in central Benin

Klueken, A. M.; Borgemeister, Christian; Hau, B.

doi:10.1007/bf03356281

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The efficacy of atoxigenic A . flavus as biocontrol agents is well documented in several crops worldwide [ 10 , 12 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Cotty [ 22 ] reported for the first time the use of an atoxigenic strain to reduce aflatoxin B 1 concentrations in a developing crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control Products for Aflatoxin Prevention in Italy: Commercial Field Evaluation of Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Active Ingredients

Mauro

García-Cela

Pietri

et al. 2018

Toxins

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Abstract:Since 2003, non-compliant aflatoxin concentrations have been detected in maize produced in Italy. The most successful worldwide experiments in aflatoxin prevention resulted from distribution of atoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus to displace aflatoxin-producers during crop development. The displacement results in lower aflatoxin concentrations in harvested grain. The current study evaluated in field performances of two atoxigenic strains of A. flavus endemic to Italy in artificially inoculated maize ears and in naturally contaminated maize. Co-inoculation of atoxigenic strains with aflatoxin producers resulted in highly significant reductions in aflatoxin concentrations (>90%) in both years only with atoxigenic strain A2085. The average percent reduction in aflatoxin B 1 concentration in naturally contaminated maize fields was 92.3%, without significant differences in fumonisins between treated and control maize. The vegetative compatibility group of A2085 was the most frequently recovered A. flavus in both treated and control plots (average 61.9% and 53.5% of the A. flavus, respectively). A2085 was therefore selected as an active ingredient for biocontrol products and deposited under provisions of the Budapest Treaty in the Belgian Co-Ordinated Collections of Micro-Organisms (BCCM/MUCL) collection (accession MUCL54911). Further work on development of A2085 as a tool for preventing aflatoxin contamination in maize produced in Italy is ongoing with the commercial product named AF-X1™.Keywords: biopesticide; biocontrol; mycotoxin; fumonisin; maize; VCG; SSR; AF-X1™; aflatoxin prevention; Europe Key Contribution: The first active ingredient for biological control of aflatoxins in maize produced in Europe was selected. Commercial field trials in Italy support further development and registration of the biopesticide named AF-X1™.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control Products for Aflatoxin Prevention in Italy: Commercial Field Evaluation of Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Active Ingredients

Mauro

García-Cela

Pietri

et al. 2018

Toxins

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“…Aspergillus flavus is a facultative pathogen capable of existing in diverse ecological niches [ 1 ]. It survives optimally in the tropics at relatively high temperature of about 28°C to 37°C and high relative humidity of about 95% [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus from Groundnut Kernels in Kenya

Okayo

Andika

Dida

et al. 2020

International Journal of Microbiology

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Pathogenesis of Aspergillus flavus on important agricultural products is a key concern on human health due to the synthesis and secretion of the hazardous secondary metabolite, aflatoxin. This study identified and further characterized aflatoxigenic A. flavus from groundnuts sampled from sundry shops in Kenya using integrated morphological and molecular approaches. The groundnuts were plated on potato dextrose agar for isolation and morphological observation of A. flavus based on macroscopic and microscopic features. Molecular characterization was done through amplification and comparison of the partial sequence of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. The expression analysis of aflR, aflS, aflD, aflP, and aflQ genes in the aflatoxin biosynthesis pathways was conducted to confirm the positive identification of A. flavus. The gene expression also aided to delineate toxigenic isolates of A. flavus from atoxigenic ones. Morphologically, 18 isolates suspected to be A. flavus were identified. Out of these, 14 isolates successfully amplified the 500 bp ITS region of A. flavus or Aspergillus oryzae, while 4 isolates were not amplified. All the remaining 14 isolates expressed at least one of the aflatoxigenic genes but only 5 had all the genes expressed. Partial sequencing revealed that isolates 5, 11, 12, 13, and 15 had 99.2%, 97.6%, 98.4%, 97.5%, and 100% homology, respectively, to the A. flavus isolate LUOHE, ITS-5.8S-ITS2, obtained from the NCBI database. The five isolates were accurate identification of atoxigenic A. flavus. Precise identification of toxigenic strains of A. flavus will be useful in establishing control strategies of the fungus in food products.

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“…According to Hell and Mutegi [3] and Yu [4], species of the Aspergillus section Flavi have the ability to survive temperatures ranging from 12 • C to 48 • C, with the optimal growth temperature ranging from 28 • C to 37 • C, with a high humidity of above 80%. Although encountered mostly as a storage mold on plant products, A. flavus invades and infects developing maize seeds in the field before harvest and mature seeds during harvest and in storage [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characterization and Determination of Aflatoxin-Production Potentials of Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Maize and Soil in Kenya

et al. 2017

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This study aimed at morphologically identifying Aspergillus flavus in soil and maize and at determining their aflatoxin-producing potentials. Five hundred and fourteen isolates obtained from maize and soil in Kenya were cultivated on Czapeck Dox Agar, Malt Extract Agar, Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, Potato Dextrose Agar, and Rose-Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar. Isolates were identified using macro-morphological characteristics. Micromorphological characteristics were determined using slide cultures. Aflatoxin production was determined by direct visual determination of the UV fluorescence of colonies on Coconut Agar Medium, Yeast Extract Sucrose agar, and Yeast Extract Cyclodextrin Sodium Deoxycholate agar and by Thin Layer Chromatography. Forty-three presumptive A. flavus isolates were identified; aflatoxin was detected in 23% of the isolates by UV fluorescence screening and in 30% by Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC). The aflatoxins produced were: aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1), aflatoxin B 2 (AFB 2), and aflatoxin G 1 (AFG 1); some isolates produced only AFB 1 , whereas others produced either AFB 1 and AFB 2 or AFB 1 and AFG 1. The highest incidence of A. flavus (63%) and aflatoxin production (28%) was recorded in samples from Makueni District. Isolates from Uasin Gishu (21%) and Nyeri (5%) were non-aflatoxigenic. Bungoma District recorded 11% positive isolates of which 2% were aflatoxin producers. The occurrence of aflatoxin-producing A. flavus emphasises the need for measures to eliminate their presence in food crops.

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Field release of a non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus L strain in central Benin

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Biological Control Products for Aflatoxin Prevention in Italy: Commercial Field Evaluation of Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Active Ingredients

Biological Control Products for Aflatoxin Prevention in Italy: Commercial Field Evaluation of Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Active Ingredients

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus from Groundnut Kernels in Kenya

Morphological Characterization and Determination of Aflatoxin-Production Potentials of Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Maize and Soil in Kenya

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