Field Phenotyping and Long-Term Platforms to  Characterise How Crop Genotypes Interact with  Soil Processes and the Environment

George, Timothy S.; Hawes, Cathy; Newton, A. C.; McKenzie, Blair M.; Hallett, Paul D.; Valentine, Tracy A.

doi:10.3390/agronomy4020242

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…While a range of phenotyping techniques and platforms have been available for some time (e.g. George et al, 2014), non-invasive imaging technologies have been a particular focus of recent research effort (Fahlgren et al, 2015). HTP using imaging could provide a means to identify genotypic differences in response to root stress by using imagingbased indicators of changes in shoot physiology, such as stomatal conductance and water status, leaf pigment composition or photosynthetic activity, that indicate root damage belowground.…”

Section: Plant Selection Breeding and Phenotyping For Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

New frontiers in belowground ecology for plant protection from root-feeding insects

Johnson

Benefer

Frew

et al. 2016

Applied Soil Ecology

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Herbivorous insect pests living in the soil represent a significant challenge to food security given their persistence, the acute damage they cause to plants and the difficulties associated with managing their populations. Ecological research effort into rhizosphere interactions has increased dramatically in the last decade and we are beginning to understand, in particular, the ecology of how plants defend themselves against soil-dwelling pests. In this review, we synthesise information about four key ecological mechanisms occurring in the rhizosphere or surrounding soil that confer plant protection against root herbivores. We focus on root tolerance, root resistance via direct physical and chemical defences, particularly via acquisition of siliconbased plant defences, integration of plant mutualists (microbes and entomopathogenic nematodes, EPNs) and the influence of soil history and feedbacks. Their suitability as management tools, current limitations for their application, and the opportunities for development are evaluated. We identify opportunities for synergy between these aspects of rhizosphere ecology, such as mycorrhizal fungi negatively affecting pests at the root-interface but also increasing plant uptake of silicon, which is also known to reduce herbivory. Finally, we set out research priorities for developing potential novel management strategies. Re: Revision of our review APSOIL-D-16-00199 Dear Prof van Gestel, Many thanks for your email advising us that our paper may be considered for publication pending major revisions. Please find enclosed our revised article New frontiers in belowground ecology for plant protection from root-feeding insects. As you will see this paper has been substantially rewritten and developed. Full details of these changes are in our response to reviewers. We are thankful to both reviewers for constructive comments and suggestions. We are grateful for the extension you provided and very sorry that we were late returning this revision to you. Please don't hesitate to contact me if I can provide further information.

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Section: Plant Selection Breeding and Phenotyping For Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

New frontiers in belowground ecology for plant protection from root-feeding insects

Johnson

Benefer

Frew

et al. 2016

Applied Soil Ecology

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“…; George et al . ) and integration of our increasing knowledge of the evolutionary processes underlying complementarity effects in plant communities (Zuppinger‐Dingley et al . ).…”

Section: Facilitation's Role In Sustainable Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such work would also benefit from systematic screening of traits of different cultivars such that optimal trait complementarity can be more efficiently selected (e.g. White et al 2013;George et al 2014) and integration of our increasing knowledge of the evolutionary processes underlying complementarity effects in plant communities (Zuppinger-Dingley et al 2014).…”

Section: Facilitation's Role In Sustainable Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitation and sustainable agriculture: a mechanistic approach to reconciling crop production and conservation

et al. 2015

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Summary1. Food security is currently considered a major global problem. However, increasing intensity of food production in agricultural systems has driven reductions in farmland biodiversity. A major challenge is to enable biodiversity conservation whilst addressing the problem of food security. 2. Here we describe how facilitative plant-plant interactions in crop systems could be used to help strike this balance. An obvious example is that of intercropping systems, where combinations of crop species can -under some circumstances -deliver reduced inputs of agrochemicals (fertilizers, pesticides) per unit yield, with potential knock-on benefits for biodiversity conservation. 3. Other facilitative processes can also play a role in biodiversity conservation. Increased intraspecific crop genetic diversity can help protect crops from pests and diseases. Although overlooked in facilitation research, we argue that the mechanisms operate in a manner which is directly analogous to associational defence against herbivores, a process well recognized in the facilitation literature. As with intercropping, the benefits to nature conservation arise from reduced pesticide use per unit harvested crop. 4. Crops may have facilitative effects on some arable weed species, particularly those that are currently considered rare in intensive farming systems. Work is in its early stages to understand the underlying mechanisms, but it appears that crops might create niche space to which some weed species are adapted. Increasing plant species diversity through niche space creation may then have cascading benefits for other components of farmland biodiversity. 5. Our new understanding of facilitative processes arising from work on crop systems has lessons for the study of facilitative interactions in natural and semi-natural communities. We argue that, although easier to identify and quantify in crop systems, some of these facilitative processes have to date been overlooked in studies of non-crop systems and certainly deserve further consideration. 6. Finally, we discuss what steps may be needed to move from our understanding of the role of facilitation to the development of new agricultural practice. In some cases the challenge may be one of the encouraging uptake of existing practices, and in others more research is needed to understand how new ecological understanding might deliver more sustainable agricultural practice.

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“…Still, the dynamic nature of the environment remains one of the largest hurdles in field phenotyping, and in Nordic region weather fluctuations are extreme both within a year and between years (Peltonen-Sainio 2012). Field experiments are also linked to challenges in representative sampling of plant material with larger variation, practical logistics issues working outside the standard lab infrastructure, and measuring the multi-stress environment in the field, and taking these into account when analyzing the data (Alexandersson et al 2014, George et al 2014). There is a tendency to oversimplify the contribution of the environment, especially when it comes to soil conditions, on the phenotype.…”

Section: Field Phenotyping To Excel Nordic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nordic research infrastructures for plant phenotyping

Alexandersson

Keinänen

Chawade

et al. 2018

AFSci

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Plant phenomics refers to the systematic study of plant phenotypes. Together with closely monitored, controlled climates, it provides an essential component for the integrated analysis of genotype-phenotype-environment interactions. Currently, several plant growth and phenotyping facilities are under establishment globally, and numerous facilities are already in use. Alongside the development of the research infrastructures, several national and international networks have been established to support shared use of the new methodology. In this review, an overview is given of the Nordic plant phenotyping and climate control facilities. Since many areas of phenomics such as sensor-based phenotyping, image analysis and data standards are still developing, promotion of educational and networking activities is especially important. These facilities and networks will be instrumental in tackling plant breeding and plant protection challenges. They will also provide possibilities to study wild species and their ecological interactions under changing Nordic climate conditions.

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Field Phenotyping and Long-Term Platforms to Characterise How Crop Genotypes Interact with Soil Processes and the Environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 185 publications

New frontiers in belowground ecology for plant protection from root-feeding insects

New frontiers in belowground ecology for plant protection from root-feeding insects

Facilitation and sustainable agriculture: a mechanistic approach to reconciling crop production and conservation

Nordic research infrastructures for plant phenotyping

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