1959
DOI: 10.2307/1376556
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Field Observations on a Howling Monkey Society

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Cited by 171 publications
(107 citation statements)
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“…That vocal communication is, and has been, an important aspect of the habits of this animal is a fact supported by behavioral field studies (Altmann, 1959;Carpenter, 1934Carpenter, , 1960 and by the anatomical evidence of the greatly enlarged hyolaryngeal organs of the neck. Ateles (150) and Brachyteles (140) (Erikson, 1963); (c) the lumbar segment of the vertebral column in Alouatta seems to be the longest among the brachiator monkeys of the New World (Erikson, 1963); (d) a comparison of the scapulas of Alouatta, Ateles, Brachyteles, and Lagothrix (see Erikson, 1963, plate 3A) reveals that it is the bone of the howler which most closely resembles that of a quadruped (it has a moderately large acromion and its spine has only a slight obliquity in relation to the vertebral border; in addition, the glenoid of the scapula in the howler does not seem to face as much craniad as in the other brachiators) ; (e) the supraspinous fossa of Alovatta appears to be very large (Erikson, 1963;Hill, 1962;Schultz, 1930).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…That vocal communication is, and has been, an important aspect of the habits of this animal is a fact supported by behavioral field studies (Altmann, 1959;Carpenter, 1934Carpenter, , 1960 and by the anatomical evidence of the greatly enlarged hyolaryngeal organs of the neck. Ateles (150) and Brachyteles (140) (Erikson, 1963); (c) the lumbar segment of the vertebral column in Alouatta seems to be the longest among the brachiator monkeys of the New World (Erikson, 1963); (d) a comparison of the scapulas of Alouatta, Ateles, Brachyteles, and Lagothrix (see Erikson, 1963, plate 3A) reveals that it is the bone of the howler which most closely resembles that of a quadruped (it has a moderately large acromion and its spine has only a slight obliquity in relation to the vertebral border; in addition, the glenoid of the scapula in the howler does not seem to face as much craniad as in the other brachiators) ; (e) the supraspinous fossa of Alovatta appears to be very large (Erikson, 1963;Hill, 1962;Schultz, 1930).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…Neste último caso é aceito que os machos apresentem uma gradação de idade, ou seja, um macho é o dominante ou alfa do grupo, e os outros machos devem ter parentesco com o macho alfa e são mais novos que esse (ALTMANN 1959, NEVILLE et al 1988, RUDRAN & FERNANDEZ-DUQUE 2003, WANG & MILTON 2003.…”
Section: Resumo As Espécies Do Gênerounclassified
“…Early observers of mantled howlers on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama described males as generally engaging in little interindividual aggression and rarely exhibiting intragroup agonism (Altmann, 1959;Carpenter, 1934;Southwick, 1963). More recently, studies at La Pacifica, Costa Rica, showed that mantled howlers of both sexes display a reverse age-graded dominance hierarchy, in which the youngest animal is dominant (Glander, 1980(Glander, , 1992Jones, 1980) and that dominant males exercise an apparent monopoly over available estrous females (Glander, 1980;Jones, 1985).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%