Field Experiments

Ditlmann, Ruth; Paluck, Elizabeth Levy

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.10542-2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It is also likely that we would have found greater evidence of backlash if our measure of gender-inclusive policies and practices would have more explicitly emphasized programs designed to exclusively benefit women, allowing men to assume possible zero-sum costs for them (Kuchynka et al, 2018). Regardless of why we found this inconsistency, we believe it points to the need for more fieldwork that looks to understand the impact of inclusive policies and practices (Ditlmann & Paluck, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Climate change: An increase in norms for inclusion predicts greater fit and commitment for women in STEM

Hall

Schmader

Inness

et al. 2021

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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In male-dominated STEM fields, workplace culture is often cited as a factor for women’s attrition. In the present research, we used longitudinal field data to examine how changes in the perceived normative support for gender-inclusive policies and practices over 6 months relate to changes in women’s and men’s experiences of fit and commitment to their organization. Longitudinal analyses of survey data from a sample of 181 engineers revealed that increased perceptions of support for gender-inclusive policies and practices predicted increased organizational commitment only among women, an effect that was mediated by an increase in organizational value fit. Additional analyses suggest that perceptions of change in normative attitudes toward inclusive policies were more predictive of women’s organizational commitment than the awareness that the policies were in place or that one has personally benefitted from them. The implications of an inclusive workplace culture for supporting women’s retention in STEM are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Climate change: An increase in norms for inclusion predicts greater fit and commitment for women in STEM

Hall

Schmader

Inness

et al. 2021

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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“…Identifying which type of factor generates employer discrimination is critical if we want to make headway in improving immigrants’ labor market integration. While modern racism or prejudice is typically subtle [25], testing studies in hiring processes offer a way to measure discrimination and have been conducted in a growing number of countries to unveil discrimination against different groups [26, 27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can immigrants counteract employer discrimination? A factorial field experiment reveals the immutability of ethnic hierarchies

Vernby

Dancygier

2019

PLoS ONE

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How pervasive is labor market discrimination against immigrants and what options do policymakers and migrants have to reduce it? To answer these questions, we conducted a field experiment on employer discrimination in Sweden. Going beyond existing work, we test for a large range of applicant characteristics using a factorial design. We examine whether migrants can affect their employment chances—by adopting citizenship, acquiring work experience, or signaling religious practice—or whether fixed traits such as country of birth or gender are more consequential. We find little systematic evidence that immigrants can do much to reduce discrimination. Rather, ethnic hierarchies are critical: callback rates decline precipitously with the degree of ethno-cultural distance, leaving Iraqis and Somalis, especially if they are male, with much reduced employment chances. These findings highlight that immigrants have few tools at their disposal to escape ethnic penalties and that efforts to reduce discrimination must address employer prejudice.

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“…Our results can therefore be seen as partial supporting evidence for current knowledge. It is possible that moving from testing the theory in the lab to testing it in the field, with the inevitable added noise that follows (Ditlmann & Paluck, 2015), only allowed to find support for one part of the puzzle: The superiority of the money‐gain combination. This would suggest that this specific part has perhaps the strongest potential efficacy, sufficiently strong to be uncovered even in a noisy setting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between benefit appeal and valence framing in reducing smoking behavior: Evidence from a field experience

Nobel

2022

Behavioral Decision Making

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Smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable death globally, yet it remains a common behavior. Interventions that increase the concreteness of future smoking outcomes have been suggested to be effective, but little research has examined what type of future outcomes should be highlighted, and in what way. The present study therefore explores the efficacy of two types of framings of smoking cessation consequences: Benefit appeal (time vs. money) and valence (gain vs. loss). A randomized controlled field experiment with 2935 participants conducted via a digital therapeutics app found an interplay between appeal type and valence such that messages focusing on money were most likely to lead to immediate reduced smoking behavior when framed as a gain, rather than loss. Effects on motivation or long‐term smoking cessation were not detected. The results shed light on psychological differences between money and time, between attitudes and behaviors, and between short‐term and long‐term behavior change. This study highlights the importance of considering both benefit appeal and valence framing when designing smoking cessation messages.

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Field Experiments

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Climate change: An increase in norms for inclusion predicts greater fit and commitment for women in STEM

Climate change: An increase in norms for inclusion predicts greater fit and commitment for women in STEM

Can immigrants counteract employer discrimination? A factorial field experiment reveals the immutability of ethnic hierarchies

Interplay between benefit appeal and valence framing in reducing smoking behavior: Evidence from a field experience

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