Field‐evolved resistance to four modes of action of herbicides in a single kochia (<i>Kochia scoparia</i> L. Schrad.) population

Varanasi, Vijay K.; Godar, Amar S.; Currie, R. S.; Dille, Anita; Thompson, Charles P.; Stahlman, Phillip W.; Jugulam, Mithila

doi:10.1002/ps.4034

Cited by 61 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…scoparia population from Kansas has been confirmed to be resistant to four herbicide modes of action (PSII, ALS, glyphosate, and synthetic auxins) [6]. Known glyphosate resistance mechanisms exceed those reported for any other herbicide and include target-site mutations, target-site gene duplications, active vacuole sequestration, limited cellular uptake, and rapid necrosis response [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Whole-Plant Glyphosate Resistance Level in Kochia scoparia

Gaines¹,

Barker²,

Patterson³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Kochia scoparia has evolved in dryland chemical fallow systems throughout North America and the mechanism of resistance involves 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene duplication. Agricultural fields in four states were surveyed for K. scoparia in 2013 and tested for glyphosate-resistance level and EPSPS gene copy number. Glyphosate resistance was confirmed in K. scoparia populations collected from sugarbeet fields in Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska, and Montana. Glyphosate resistance was also confirmed in K. scoparia accessions collected from wheat-fallow fields in Montana. All GR samples had increased EPSPS gene copy number, with median population values up to 11 from sugarbeet fields and up to 13 in Montana wheat-fallow fields. The results indicate that glyphosate susceptibility can be accurately diagnosed using EPSPS gene copy number.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outcrossing nature of K . scoparia combined with prolific seed production results in genetically diverse populations that facilitate the evolution of herbicide resistance [6]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Whole-Plant Glyphosate Resistance Level in Kochia scoparia

Gaines¹,

Barker²,

Patterson³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…A segment of EPSPS gene that encompasses the above positions was amplified by PCR using gDNA from GS and GR samples. Primers sequences (forward,reverse, were adopted from Varanasi et al (2015). These reactions comprised 12.5 mL 23 PCR master mix (Promega), 2.5 mL of both forward and reverse primers (5 mM), 5 mL gDNA (40 ng/mL), and 2.5 mL of nuclease free water (Promega), for a total reaction volume of 25 mL for each sample.…”

Section: Epsps Gene Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Mapping of Amplified Copies of the 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase Gene in Glyphosate-Resistant Amaranthus tuberculatus

et al. 2016

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“…POST weed control had shifted to predominantly nonresidual glyphosate-based programs in several crops and during fallow periods throughout the Great Plains in the mid-2000s, resulting in a dramatic increase in glyphosate-resistant (GR) kochia populations in no-tillage cropping systems (Godar and Stahlman 2015). In Kansas, a GR biotype of kochia was first identified in 2007 with subsequent confirmation of GR biotypes across the Great Plains of the United States and Canada (Godar 2014;Heap 2017;Waite et al 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Emergence Profiles and Seed Persistence across the Central Great Plains

Dille

Stahlman

et al. 2017

Weed Sci

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Timing of weed emergence and seed persistence in the soil influence the ability to implement timely and effective control practices. Emergence patterns and seed persistence of kochia populations were monitored in 2010 and 2011 at sites in Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, and South Dakota. Weekly observations of emergence were initiated in March and continued until no new emergence occurred. Seed was harvested from each site, placed into 100-seed mesh packets, and buried at depths of 0, 2.5, and 10 cm in fall of 2010 and 2011. Packets were exhumed at 6-mo intervals over 2 yr. Viability of exhumed seeds was evaluated. Nonlinear mixed-effects Weibull models were fit to cumulative emergence (%) across growing degree days (GDD) and to viable seed (%) across burial time to describe their fixed and random effects across site-years. Final emergence densities varied among site-years and ranged from as few as 4 to almost 380,000 seedlings m − 2 . Across 11 site-years in Kansas, cumulative GDD needed for 10% emergence were 168, while across 6 site-years in Wyoming and Nebraska, only 90 GDD were needed; on the calendar, this date shifted from early to late March. The majority (>95%) of kochia seed did not persist for more than 2 yr. Remaining seed viability was generally >80% when seeds were exhumed within 6 mo after burial in March, and declined to <5% by October of the first year after burial. Burial did not appear to increase or decrease seed viability over time but placed seed in a position from which seedling emergence would not be possible. High seedling emergence that occurs very early in the spring emphasizes the need for fall or early spring PRE weed control such as tillage, herbicides, and cover crops, while continued emergence into midsummer emphasizes the need for extended periods of kochia management. Nomenclature: Kochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. KCHSC.

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Field‐evolved resistance to four modes of action of herbicides in a single kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) population

Abstract: We confirm the first case of evolution of resistance to four herbicide sites of action (PSII, ALS and EPSPS inhibitors and synthetic auxins) in a single kochia population, and target-site-based mechanisms confer resistance to atrazine, glyphosate and chlorsulfuron.

Cited by 61 publications

References 20 publications

EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Whole-Plant Glyphosate Resistance Level in Kochia scoparia

EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Whole-Plant Glyphosate Resistance Level in Kochia scoparia

Physical Mapping of Amplified Copies of the 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase Gene in Glyphosate-Resistant Amaranthus tuberculatus

Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Emergence Profiles and Seed Persistence across the Central Great Plains

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