Field and Simplified Techniques for Identifying Africanized and European Honey Bees

Rinderer, Thomas E.; Sylvester, H. Allen; Brown, Michael A.; Villa, José D.; Pesante, Daniel; Collins, Anita M.; Spencer, Robert; Kleinpeter, Sandra; Lancaster, Vicki

doi:10.1051/apido:19860104

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Single measurements of the distance spanned by 10 old drone cells were carried out so that the comb cells could be classified according to size (Rinderer et al, 1986;Berry, 2010). The distance spanned by 10 drone cells ranged from 6.3 to 7 cm, with an average of 6.60 ± 0.2 in newly built combs and from 5.7 to 6.7, with an average of 6.34 ± 0.34 in old combs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometry and number of spermatozoa in drone honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) reared under different conditions

Mazeed¹

2011

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The effects of three factors operating during pre-emergence development period on some characteristics of drones were studied. Weight of newly emerged drones, length of forewing, length of tibia, length of femur, length and width of basitarsus and number of spermatozoa in drones from colonies in which the workers had access to drone brood (A), the size of brood cells differed (B) or the colony had a queen or was queenless (C), were determined. For this purpose, 9 colonies were chosen at random from the test apiary and prepared so that each contained one empty Langstroth frame with six small sub-frames containing drone combs, three of which were used to test the effect of one level and the other three the other level of each factor. The results showed that, colony status had a greater effect on the parameters measured than either the size of the brood cells or whether the workers had access to sealed brood cells. Most of the parameters were significantly different in C, whereas only a few in B and non in A were significantly different. The distance between discriminant scores in each experiment enhanced the previous results, as it was highest in C, followed by B and then A. Optimal drone characteristics may be recorded for colonies in which the queens were induced to lay unfertilized eggs in newly built drone combs, and then removed and the drone brood reared in a queen less colony.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometry and number of spermatozoa in drone honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) reared under different conditions

Mazeed¹

2011

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…This identification method was later improved by incorporation of computerassisted measurements (Daly et al, 1982). A simplification of these procedures resulted in the "Fast Africanized Bee Identification System" (FABIS) for preliminary identification in the field (Rinderer et al, 1986). Whenever colonies are suspected to be Africanized based on FABIS, official identification in the USA is currently made with the USDA-ID (United States Department of Agriculture identification) method (Rinderer et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Africanized honey bees through wing morphometrics: two fast and efficient procedures

Francoy¹,

et al. 2008

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-Currently available morphometric and genetic techniques that can accurately identify Africanized honey bees are both costly and time consuming. We tested two new morphometric techniques (ABIS -Automatic Bee Identification System and geometric morphometrics analysis) on samples consisting of digital images of five worker forewings per colony. These were collected from 394 colonies of Africanized bees from all over Brazil and from colonies of African bees, Apis mellifera scutellata (n = 14), and European bees, A. m. ligustica (n = 10), A. m. mellifera (n = 15), and A. m. carnica (n=15) from the Ruttner collection in Oberursel, Germany (preserved specimens). Both methods required less than five minutes per sample, giving more than 99% correct identifications. There was just one misidentification (based on geometric morphometrics analysis) of Africanized bees compared with European subspecies, which would be the principal concern in newly-colonized areas, such as the southern USA. These new techniques are inexpensive, fast and precise.Africanized honey bee / morphometrics / geometric morphometrics analysis / ABIS / Apis mellifera / automatic identification

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“…The strongest characters of this group were angle L13 and the length of the right distal segment of the proboscis (Ruttner, 1987 Lobo et al, 1989;Del Lama et al, 1990;Hall, 1990;Rinderer et al, , 1992 (Hellmich et al, 1986(Hellmich et al, , 1988Hellmich and Waller, 1990) will produce European queens mated to European drones. The lack of significant introgression of Africanized genes into European stock can be certified by the use of these and other techniques (Rinderer et al, 1986a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric identification of Africanized and European honey bees using large reference populations

et al. 1993

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Summary — New discriminant analysis procedures have been presented to identify Africanized and European honey bees. These procedures are founded on data from 2 103 samples of honey bees collected from colonies at several locations in the western hemisphere and Kangaroo Island, Australia. Various univariate and multivariate analyses have been used to select the morphological characteristics and the groups of characteristics to be used in the analysis. The multivariate discriminant analysis correctly identified 565 (95.6%) of the 591 Africanized colonies and correctly identified all of the 1 512 European colonies.

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Field and Simplified Techniques for Identifying Africanized and European Honey Bees

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Morphometry and number of spermatozoa in drone honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) reared under different conditions

Morphometry and number of spermatozoa in drone honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) reared under different conditions

Identification of Africanized honey bees through wing morphometrics: two fast and efficient procedures

Morphometric identification of Africanized and European honey bees using large reference populations

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