Field and laboratory tests on the effects of cyhalothrin on adults ofApis mellifera, Megachile rotundataandNomia melanderi

Impact of Currently Used or Potentially Useful Insecticides for Canola Agroecosystems on <I>Bombus impatiens</I> (Hymenoptera: Apidae), <I>Megachile rotundata</I> (Hymentoptera: Megachilidae), and <I>Osmia lignaria</I> (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

“…1). Bee species have been reported to vary in susceptibility to insecticides (Mayer et al 1998, Devillers et al 2003), and our data followed a similar pattern with alfalfa leafcutting bees being more susceptible than O. lignaria bees or bumble bees (Table 1; Fig. 1).…”

“…), root maggots (Delia spp. ), and the weevil Ceutorhynchus obstrictus Marsham requires use of seed and/or foliar insecticide treatments (Canola Council of Canada 2007), which can be highly toxic to bees (Mayer et al 1998, OMAFRA 2006. The large area of land devoted to canola production coupled with the frequency and toxicity of insecticides applied for pest management may be important factors contributing to suspected declines of wild bee populations in canola agro-ecosystems (NRC 2007).…”

Contact and oral toxicity to honey bees (Apis mellifera) of agents registered for use for sweet corn insect control in Ontario, Canada

“…Although insecticide residues in the pollen from the foliar applied insecticides were, with exception of spinosad, from < 1 / 4 to 1 / 8 those found in plant tissue, the lack of oral toxicity was unexpected since all were toxic to bees in other oral feeding studies (Stoner et al, 1982;Halsall and Gray, 1998;Mayer et al, 1998). This lack of oral toxicity may have been due to the following characteristics of sweet corn and the pollen collection technique.…”

Impact of fipronil on the mushroom bodies of the stingless beeScaptotrigona postica

“…Differences among groups have been reported in toxicological studies, such as those by Mayer et al , Mayer and Lunden, Valdovinos‐Núñez et al , Lourenço et al and Jacob et al These authors reported that species of stingless bees were less resistant to insecticides than A. mellifera , based on LD 50 values.…”