Abstract:Many industries discharge oil-in-water emulsion in the waste stream, often above the permissible limit causing serious environmental hazards. Porous media such as membrane and coalescence beds are employed to treat oily wastewater. A coalescence bed filter consists of either fibrous or granular packing and is used for removing larger oil droplets less than 100 μm from secondary emulsions. Fibrous media have higher porosities and specific surface areas than coarse granular media and hence give higher oil remova… Show more
“…8a. The water contact angle was lower than 90°, which was similar to the other lignocellulosic hydrophilic natural bres (Singh et al 2021). The amount of lignin and wax on the carded PALF surface was lower leading to a lower contact angle as compared to raw PALF.…”
In this work, a new physical method was used to process agro-waste pineapple leaf fibres (PALF) instead of any chemical treatment for fabricating polypropylene (PP) matrix composites. Carding process was used for individualization and partial fibrillation of PALF as well as for removal of dust and sticky fibres. The high melt viscosity of PP hinders its penetration into the composite reinforcement. To overcome this difficulty, the separated and fibrillated PALF and PP fibres of different fineness were blended (50%/50% by weight) in the carding process to ensure homogeneous distribution of reinforcement and matrix phases within composites. The blended carded silver was further parallelized through a gill-drawing process, and subsequently, unidirectional composites were fabricated using compression moulding technique. A homogeneous fibre-matrix distribution was achieved in case of longer PALF and finer PP fibres, leading to the best mechanical properties of fabricated composites. The used carding process with optimum number of passages did not reduce the fibre length or deteriorate the mechanical properties of fibres and also found effective in improving fibre surface roughness, leading to an improved fibre-matrix interface. This study is the first to demonstrate the use of carding for processing of PALF and how PALF length and carding process influence different properties of fabricated composites.
“…8a. The water contact angle was lower than 90°, which was similar to the other lignocellulosic hydrophilic natural bres (Singh et al 2021). The amount of lignin and wax on the carded PALF surface was lower leading to a lower contact angle as compared to raw PALF.…”
In this work, a new physical method was used to process agro-waste pineapple leaf fibres (PALF) instead of any chemical treatment for fabricating polypropylene (PP) matrix composites. Carding process was used for individualization and partial fibrillation of PALF as well as for removal of dust and sticky fibres. The high melt viscosity of PP hinders its penetration into the composite reinforcement. To overcome this difficulty, the separated and fibrillated PALF and PP fibres of different fineness were blended (50%/50% by weight) in the carding process to ensure homogeneous distribution of reinforcement and matrix phases within composites. The blended carded silver was further parallelized through a gill-drawing process, and subsequently, unidirectional composites were fabricated using compression moulding technique. A homogeneous fibre-matrix distribution was achieved in case of longer PALF and finer PP fibres, leading to the best mechanical properties of fabricated composites. The used carding process with optimum number of passages did not reduce the fibre length or deteriorate the mechanical properties of fibres and also found effective in improving fibre surface roughness, leading to an improved fibre-matrix interface. This study is the first to demonstrate the use of carding for processing of PALF and how PALF length and carding process influence different properties of fabricated composites.
“…crude oil (light crude oil) and vegetable oil (peanut oil) were used in this study. The density values of the crude oil and the vegetable oil were 0.92 g/cm 3 and 0.82 g/cm 3 , respectively. The surface tension values of the crude oil and the vegetable oil were 31 mN/m and 25 mN/m, respectively.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Oil spillage can occur during the oil production, storage, mechanical failure of the equipment, tanker disasters, wars, and natural disasters. [1][2][3][4] When oil gets spilled in water, it undergoes various physio-chemical changes such as evaporation, dissolution, oxidation, emulsification and microbial degradation. During the physio-chemical changes, a compound named Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) is produced, having a large group of organic compounds with two or more fused aromatic rings.…”
Oil spill pollution is a constant threat to the environment nowadays. The treatment of an oil spill remains a challenge to environmental scientists. Among the various cleanup methods available, the use of sorbents for oil spill cleanups is a popular approach. In this work, an attempt has been made to produce cotton comber noil /recycled polyester needle punched nonwoven fabrics for the oil spill clean-up process. Box–Behnken experimental design is used to optimise the parameters such as cotton comber noil /recycled polyester blend proportion, needle punching density and areal density for maximum oil sorption capacity. At 70:30 cotton comber noil /recycled polyester blend proportion, 64.94 needle punching density and 100 GSM, maximum oil sorption was achieved. The maximum oil sorption achieved in the case of crude oil and vegetable oil is 45.90 g/g and 32.30 g/g respectively. The cotton comber noil/recycled polyester needle punched nonwoven fabric showed a stable water bead morphology with a static contact angle of 133.6. The present work indicates that the cotton comber noil/recycled polyester needle punched nonwoven fabric (70/30) is a potential sustainable product for oil spill removal applications.
“…Coalescence separation technology has been widely used in the petrochemical industry to separate emulsions, providing guarantees for oil extraction, wastewater treatment, product purification and process equipment protection 1,2 . Benefiting from its simple structure, good environmental performance, and high separation efficiency, the fiber coalescence method, as a physical method, has received increasing research and attention in the separation of liquid–liquid heterogeneous systems 3 .…”
Cross fibers at different angles are essential for enhancing the separation of emulsions as the basic structure in fiber fillers. In this article, the retention and detachment process of droplets on fiber intersection were investigated using high‐speed camera technology to explore the critical volume, slip path and droplet oscillation. The results indicate that the critical volume retained on the intersection is significantly affected by the fiber slope, cross angle between fibers, and liquid viscosity. A droplet‐fiber interfacial force balance model is established to predict the critical volume and the tilt angle corresponding to maximum critical volume. The switching behaviors of selected fiber slippage depend on the slope, diameter, and affinity of the fiber. Compared with the lipophobic fiber woven mesh, the droplets on the lipophilic fiber mesh slip upward with a larger oscillate deformation and obvious periodicity. The mean deformation of droplets is 1.16 times that on lipophobic fiber.
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