Fibrolytic potential of anaerobic fungi (<i>Piromyces</i>sp.) isolated from wild cattle and blue bulls in pure culture and effect of their addition on<i>in vitro</i>fermentation of wheat straw and methane emission by rumen fluid of buffaloes

Paul, Souvik; Deb, S. M.; Punia, B.S.; Singh, Dharminder; Kumar, Rajiv

doi:10.1002/jsfa.3952

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Fungi from anaerobic environments (e.g. Piromyces, Neocallimastix [12], Orpinomyces, Anaeromyces [10]) are possessing fibrolytic activity and are able to enhance the digestibility of fibrous feeds as was documented for cattle [34], as well as wild-living herbivores like buffalo [35] and elephants [9]. Celluloses and hemicelluloses are forming plant cell walls, and their penetration and disintegration are the limiting steps in the anaerobic digestion of fibrous material, especially if they are embedded within the lignocellulose complex [36].…”

Section: Role Of Fungi In Biogas Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

2014

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Background: Large amounts of fibre-rich organic waste material from public green and private gardens have to be treated environmentally friendly; however, this fibre-rich biomass has low biogas yields. This study investigated the presence of fungi in full-scale biogas plants as well as in laboratory reactors and elucidated the importance of fungi for the biogas process. Methods: The dominating members of the eukaryotic community were identified by analyzing 18S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region fragments of clone libraries. These identifications were accompanied by diverse microscopic techniques such as fluorescence microscopy and conventional scanning electron microscopy. Results: Cells of presumably fungal origin were characterized by intensive fluorescence and were about 1 order of magnitude larger than prokaryotic cells. Molecular techniques enabled to identify fungi from the subphyla Agaricomycotina, Mucoromycotina, Pezizomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Saccharomycotina and from the class Neocallimastigomycetes. Members of these groups can be important for microbial degradation of complex compounds, due to the ability to penetrate cell walls, and thus open the cells for the influx of bacteria, further enhancing degradation.

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Section: Role Of Fungi In Biogas Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

2014

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“…Brookman et al ( 2000 ) identifi ed the formation of spores in the polycentric anaerobic gut fungi, which enhance their ability to survive and extend a possibility toward their use as direct-fed microbial (Tripathi et al 2007a ;Saxena et al 2010 ;Puniya et al 2014 ). Anaerobic fungi have been isolated from a number of ruminant and nonruminant herbivorous mammals (Ljungdahl 2008 ;Paul et al 2010 ). These contribute signifi cantly to overall metabolism of host with their high cellulolytic activity and play a greater role in degradation of lignifi ed plant tissues (Akin and Borneman 1990 ; Dey et al 2004 ;Thareja et al 2006 ;Sirohi et al 2012b ) with the help of a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes (Tripathi et al 2007b ;Shelke et al 2009 ;Nagpal et al 2009Nagpal et al , 2010Nagpal et al , 2011 including cellulases (Barichievich and Calza 1990 ), hemicellulases (Novotna et al 2010 ;Mountfort and Asher 1989 ), proteases (Michel et al 1993 ), amylases, amyloglycosidases (Paul et al 2004 ), feruloyl and p-coumaroyl esterases (Borneman et al 1990 ), various disaccharidases (Chen et al 1995 ), and pectinases (Kopecny and Hodrova 1995 ).…”

Section: Anaerobic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen Microbiology: An Overview

Choudhury

Salem

Jena

et al. 2015

Rumen Microbiology: From Evolution to Revolution

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The systematic exploration of microbial ecosystem of the rumen was commenced by the father of rumen microbiology, Robert Hungate, in 1950s. His contributions toward the development of anaerobic culture techniques have illustrated the ways to explore the complex microbial structures of the rumen and other anaerobic ecosystems. The understanding of rumen microbiology has strengthened an awareness to improve the feed utilization and manipulation of microbial compositions. Microbes and their interactions in interspecies H 2 transfers were fi rst studied in the rumen ecosystems and attracted pioneers to investigate the alternate abatement strategies of methane production along with enhanced animal productivity. The discovery of alternate hydrogenotrophs and industrially important novel microbes and the management of rumen disorders via microbial manipulations make this community an interesting research platform for different microbial theories. The discovery of anaerobic fungi as a part of rumen fl ora by Orpin during the 1970s disproved their mistaken identity as fl agellated protozoa and the concept that all fungi are aerobic organisms.

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“…Our earlier studies have indicated that some of the exogenous fungal isolates (isolated from different hosts) are not able to exert a positive effect on rumen fermentation, probably due to poor compatibility of the introduced fungi with the existing rumen microbes (Paul et al 2004(Paul et al , 2010. Our earlier studies have indicated that some of the exogenous fungal isolates (isolated from different hosts) are not able to exert a positive effect on rumen fermentation, probably due to poor compatibility of the introduced fungi with the existing rumen microbes (Paul et al 2004(Paul et al , 2010.…”

Section: Effect Of the Fungal Isolate On The In Vitro Digestion Of Whmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, other studies have also indicated a positive effect of liquid cultures of anaerobic fungi (Dey et al 2004;Paul et al 2004;Tripathi et al 2007). Recently, it was shown that the addition of a specific fibrolytic fungi (isolated from the rumen of wild cattle) to the rumen fluid of buffalos resulted in a significant increase in fibre digestion, without increasing the methane emission per gram of truly digested wheat straw (Paul et al 2010). Hence, there is a need to isolate efficient strains of fungi, which produce higher levels of fibrolytic enzymes and can exert positive effects in co-culture with mixed rumen microbes of target hosts (domestic ruminants).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding isolates of anaerobic fungusNeocallimastixsp. CF 17 on growth rate and fibre digestion in buffalo calves

Paul

Deb

Punia

et al. 2011

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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In this investigation, the effects of feeding encapsulated cells (rhizomycelia and zoospores) of a fibrolytic isolate from an anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastix sp. CF 17) on nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, enzyme profile and growth performance were evaluated in buffaloes. In three in vitro studies, the true digestibility of wheat straw was increased after addition of CF 17 to buffalo rumen fluid (p < 0.05). In Exp. 1, three groups of six buffaloes each (initial BW [body weight] 148 +/- 12.0 kg) were allotted to three dosing regimes: Group 1 received 200 ml of liquid culture of Neocallimastix sp. CF 17 (about 10(6) TFU [thallus-forming units]/ml); Group 2 received an encapsulated culture of the same fungi prepared from 200 ml liquid culture; Group 3: received 200 ml of autoclaved culture (Control). The supplementations were given weekly for four weeks (on days 1,7, 14 and 21). During the dosing period, the average daily gain of Group 2 was higher than in the Control group (444 g/d compared with 264 g/d; p < 0.05). Furthermore, the digestibility of organic matter increased in Group 1 and 2 compared with the Control (64.8, 64.0 and 60.4% respectively; p < 0.05), resulting in an increase in the total digestible nutrient (TDN) percent of ration (p < 0.05). But these effects disappeared post-dosing. There were also an increase in concentration of volatile fatty acids, trichloroacetic acid precipitable N and number of fibrolytic microbes in the rumen during the dosing period (p < 0.05), but these effects declined post-dosing. Results of Exp 2., where the encapsulated culture was applied at intervals of 4 d or 8 d for 120 d, showed that a shorter dosing frequency did not improve growth performance or feed intake. However, independent of the dosing frequency the growth rate of both groups fed the encapsulated culture were about 20% higher than in the Control group (p < 0.05). The present study showed that encapsulated fungi have a high potential to be used as feed additive at the farmers' level and that weekly dosing can increase growth performance of wheat straw based diets.

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Fibrolytic potential of anaerobic fungi (Piromycessp.) isolated from wild cattle and blue bulls in pure culture and effect of their addition onin vitrofermentation of wheat straw and methane emission by rumen fluid of buffaloes

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

Rumen Microbiology: An Overview

Effect of feeding isolates of anaerobic fungusNeocallimastixsp. CF 17 on growth rate and fibre digestion in buffalo calves

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