Fibroblast Interaction with Different Abutment Surfaces: In Vitro Study

Abstract

Background: Attaining an effective mucosal attachment to the transmucosal part of the implant could protect the peri-implant bone. Aim: To evaluate if chair side surface treatments (plasma of Argon and ultraviolet light) may affect fibroblast adhesion on different titanium surfaces designed for soft tissue healing. Methods: Grade 5 titanium discs with four different surface topographies were subdivided into 3 groups: argon-plasma; ultraviolet light, and no treatment. Cell morphology and adhesion tests were performed at 20 min, 24 h, and 72 h. Results: Qualitative observation of the surfaces performed at the SEM was in accordance with the anticipated features. Roughness values ranged from smooth (MAC Sa = 0.2) to very rough (XA Sa = 21). At 20 min, all the untreated surfaces presented hemispherical cells with reduced filopodia, while the cells on treated samples were more spread with broad lamellipodia. However, these differences in spreading behavior disappeared at 24 h and 72 h. Argon-plasma, but not UV, significantly increased the number of fibroblasts independently of the surface type but only at 20 min. Statistically, there was no surface in combination with a treatment that favored a greater cellular adhesion. Conclusions: Data showed potential biological benefits of treating implant abutment surfaces with the plasma of argon in relation to early-stage cell adhesion.

Soft tissue integration of different abutment surfaces: An experimental study with histological analysis

“…Focusing on the abutment surface, a “combed” surface (UTM) seems to improve the soft tissue healing pattern compared with MAC. Recently published systematic reviews (Canullo, Genova, et al., 2020; Canullo, Menini, et al., 2020; Pesce et al., 2020) confirmed that short‐term data (<6 months) suggested an enhanced connective fiber attachment next to titanium abutments with a modified surface as well as a similar inflammatory response relative to machine surface.…”

“…This difference is also reported if the abutment surface is analyzed according to the topography.Focusing on the abutment surface, a "combed" surface (UTM) seems to improve the soft tissue healing pattern compared with MAC. Recently published systematic reviews(Canullo, Genova, et al, 2020;Canullo, Menini, et al, 2020;Pesce et al, 2020)…”

Crystallinity of TiO2 nanotubes and its effects on fibroblast viability, adhesion, and proliferation

“…The way fibroblast interacts with different implant surfaces plays a key role in the maintenance and stability of the implant. Hence, it is essential to investigate methods to change surface properties to promote faster osseointegration, as well as to achieve a rapid fibroblast and epithelial cell adhesion and proliferation to the abutments [74].…”

Photo and Plasma Activation of Dental Implant Titanium Surfaces. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Pre-Clinical Studies

“…Various in vitro studies about UV and non-thermal plasma functionalization showed that this method is able to increases hydrophilicity, turning the electrostatic charge to positive, and removing hydrocarbons from the surface. Positive effects are induced also on alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, spreading of human stem cells, protein absorption capacity, osteoblast migration, attachment, spread, and proliferation [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”