Fibrin
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            -Dimer and β-Thromboglobulin as Markers of Thrombogenesis and Platelet Activation in Atrial Fibrillation

Lip, Gregory Y. H.; Lip, Peck Lin; Zarifis, John; Watson, R. Douglas; Bareford, David; Lowe, G. D. O.; Beevers, D. G.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.3.425

Cited by 216 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In our metaanalysis, prevalence of DVT, a proxy for severity of illness and comorbidity of the patient population, was an independent predictor of test performance, with the relative DOR decreasing by 22% for every 10% increase in prevalence of DVT. D-Dimer concentrations also vary with duration of symptoms (77 ), use of anticoagulants (78,79 ), and age of the patient (80 ). However, we were unable to explore the effect of clinical heterogeneity on test discrimination because few studies stratified their results by patient characteristics and none provided disaggregated patient-level data.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Patient Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

D-Dimer Testing for Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Metaanalysis

Schectman²,

et al. 2004

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Background: The use of D-dimer assays as a rule-out test for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is controversial.To clarify this issue we performed a systematic review of the relevant literature. Methods: We identified eligible studies, using MED-LINE entries from February 1995 through October 2003, supplemented by a review of bibliographies of relevant articles. Studies reporting accuracy evaluations comparing D-dimer test results with lower extremity ultrasound or venography in symptomatic patients with suspected acute DVT were selected for review. Two reviewers critically appraised each study independently according to previously established methodologic standards for diagnostic test research. Those studies judged to be of highest quality were designated Level 1. Results: The 23 Level 1 studies reported data on 21 different D-dimer assays. There was wide variation in assay sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive values, and major differences in methodology of reviewed studies. A multivariate analysis of assay performance, controlling for sample size, DVT prevalence, reference standard, and patient mix, found few differences among the assays in effect on test performance as measured by diagnostic odds ratio. Increasing prevalence of DVT was associated with poorer test performance (P ‫؍‬ 0.01), whereas the choice of venography as the reference standard was associated with better test performance (P <0.005). Conclusions: Explanations for the wide variation in assay performance include differences in biochemical and technical characteristics of the assays, heterogeneity and small size of patient groups, and bias introduced by choice of reference standards. Assay sensitivity and negative predictive value were frequently <90%, un-

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Section: Heterogeneity Of Patient Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

D-Dimer Testing for Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Metaanalysis

Schectman²,

et al. 2004

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“…In the Framingham study, valvular AF was associated with a 5-6 times higher incidence of stroke when compared with the control group. 1 Recent studies using biochemical techniques have revealed abnormalities in the hemostatic factors responsible for hypercoagulable states in patients with AF, [2][3][4] and transesophageal echocardiography has deeply implicated the left atrial appendage (LAA) in cardioembolic stroke. [5][6][7][8] However, thrombi are not induced by hemostasis alone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules and the Appearance of Adherent Leukocytes on the Left Atrial Endothelium With Atrial Fibrillation

Kamiyama

1998

Jpn Circ J

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“…Similar observations of the marked reduction in hemostatic markers with conventional anticoagulation have been reported in previous studies. 29,30 The introduction of conventional adjusted-dose warfarin (achieving an INR 2.0-3.0) seems to normalize abnormal levels of thrombogenic markers. 21,29 Plasma levels of vWF antigen are somewhat reduced by OAC treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29,30 The introduction of conventional adjusted-dose warfarin (achieving an INR 2.0-3.0) seems to normalize abnormal levels of thrombogenic markers. 21,29 Plasma levels of vWF antigen are somewhat reduced by OAC treatment. 23,25 As it is well known, vWF possesses several functions in hemostasis; among them, some of the most important might be protecting factor VIII from proteolysis or cellular uptake besides binding to the surface of activated platelets and endothelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Von Willebrand Factor: Multimeric Structure and Functional Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation With and Without Oral Anticoagulation

López-Castaneda

Valencia-Hernández

Arean

et al. 2017

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein present in blood plasma. It is synthesized in megakaryocytes and endothelial cells, secreted into circulation in the form of high-molecular-weight multimers (HMWMs), and cleaved into shorter, less active multimers by ADAMTS13. It is essential for platelet adhesion and aggregation. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between vWF levels and thromboembolic events with little regard to vWF multimeric structure. Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) exhibit higher plasma vWF and lower ADAMTS13 levels. One hundred seven patients with AF, 51 anticoagulated and 56 nonanticoagulated, were eligible for the study. Plasma samples were analyzed for vWF antigen, vWF activity, and ADAMTS13; vWF multimers were analyzed by Western blot in 1% to 1.3% sodium dodecyl sulfate agarose gel electrophoresis. Patients with AF without oral anticoagulation (OAC) had significantly higher vWF plasma levels (154.00 [75-201] UI/dL) and vWF activity (60.00% [20%-210%]) compared to patients with ] UI/dL, P ¼ <.001; 50.00% [20%-160%], P ¼ .02). Both were specially decreased in patients treated with acenocumarin. Patients without OAC also showed lower ADAMTS13 levels and presence of vWF HMWMs. Patients with AF show higher plasma levels and vWF activity. Moreover, treatment with traditional OAC (acenocumarin) significantly reduced vWF levels. Patients without OAC might have an increased risk of thrombotic events showing lower ADAMTS13 and higher vWF levels. Patients with stroke had higher plasma levels, vWF activity, and HMWMs. Our study suggests that increased vWF levels and presence of HMWMs could be related to cerebrovascular disease and may represent useful biomarkers for stroke in AF.

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Fibrin d -Dimer and β-Thromboglobulin as Markers of Thrombogenesis and Platelet Activation in Atrial Fibrillation

Cited by 216 publications

References 20 publications

D-Dimer Testing for Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Metaanalysis

D-Dimer Testing for Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Metaanalysis

Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules and the Appearance of Adherent Leukocytes on the Left Atrial Endothelium With Atrial Fibrillation

Von Willebrand Factor: Multimeric Structure and Functional Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation With and Without Oral Anticoagulation

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