Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in children with renal disease

Uttley, W. S.; Maxwell, Heather; Cash, J. D.

doi:10.1136/adc.49.2.137

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Nephrotic children may have a hypercoagulable state (27), and a number of alterations of clotting factor levels have been reported (21): depression of Hageman factor and elevation of factor VIII, VII-X complex and fibrinogen. Elevation of fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products in serum has been noted in nephrotic children (33). Platelet counts may be normal, but frequently are increased (18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Plasma Kinin-generating System in Children with the Minimal Lesion, Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Kallen

Lee

1975

Pediatr Res

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705the present ones which suggest the existence of a photochemical reaction between D N A and bilirubin are somewhat disquieting, particularly when one considers that mutagens and chemical carcinogens derive their biologic activity from the ability to react with DNA. Our results suggest that phototherapy of neonates is a complex process which may generate a number of potentially dangerous genetic side effects. S U M M A R YThe widespread use of phototherapy in the treatment of neonatal jaundice is causing concern because little information is available on its effects on subcellular structure and function. The present study deals with the effects on the macromolecular structure of D N A illuminated in the presence of bilirubin. The results indicate a bilirubin-induced photodegradation of this biopolymer. ExtractAlthough the precise etiologic incitant of the minimal lesion idiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood is not known, it is likely that a host mechanism mediates the permeability alterations of the glomerular capillary wall resulting in massive proteinuria. As a first step in examining the possibility that local kinin release may account for the proteinuria in this disorder, two parameters of the plasma kinin-generating system, plasma prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor, were assayed during 27 nephrotic episodes in 21 corticosteroid-responsive children. Plasma kallikrein was assayed by means of its esterase activity on a synthetic arginine ester substrate, N-a-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAMe), after activation of Hageman factor by kaolin. This activity, after subtraction of spontaneous arginine esterase activity (i.e., TAMe esterase activity measured in plasma not exposed to kaolin) is derived from prekallikrein. Plasma prekallikrein activity in 11 normal children was 99.6 + 2.9 pnol TAMe hydrolyzed/ml plasma/hr (mean + SEM). Kallikrein inhibitor was quantified in arbitrary units. Kallikrein inhibitor activity in 11 normal children was 0.94 + 0.04 units.During the overt nephrotic syndrome, before initiation of intensive daily corticosteroid treatment, mean values were: prekallikrein, 58.5 A 7.24 flmol/ml/hr; and kallikrein inhibitor, 0.35 + 0.06 units. After corticosteroid-induced remission occurred, mean values were: plasma prekallikrein, 118.6 + 3.2 pmol/ml/hr; and kallikrein inhibitor, 0.78 + 0.03 pmol/ml/hr. Both parameters were again assayed in 14 of the 21 children after complete cessation of corticosteroid treatment. Plasma prekallikrein was normal, 99.6 * 4.8 flmol/ml/hr; but kallikrein inhibitor was still somewhat depressed, 0.84 + 0.03 units. A subset of 9 patients had marked depression of plasma prekallikrein to levels less than 20 pmol/ml/hr and essentially undetectable inhibitor acGvity. Serum a-2 macroglobulin was elevated in nephrotic patients: mean value during relapse, 862 + 29 mg/100 ml; during corticosteroid-maintaining remission, 615 * 29 mg/100 ml. After cessation of corticosteroids, mean serum level was 481 + 20 mg/100 ml. The proportional reduction of plasma prekallikrein an...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Plasma Kinin-generating System in Children with the Minimal Lesion, Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Kallen

Lee

1975

Pediatr Res

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Urinary Fibrin and Fibrinogen Degradation Products and the Origin of Hematuria

Tsukahara

Hiraoka

Sudo

et al. 1992

Pediatrics International

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We examined urinary fibrin and fibrinogen degradation product (U‐FDP) concentrations in pediatric patients with hematuria using the rapid and highly‐sensitive latex particle agglutination test (LPAT), and assessed the value of this test for the localization of the site of hematuria. Patients with hematuria were divided into two groups: 60 with glomerular hematuria and 46 with non‐glomerular hematuria. If U‐FDP concentrations less than 0.25 μg/ml are Accepted as an indicator of glomerular bleeding, the sensitivity and specificity of localization of glomerular hematuria in the present study were 78% (47/60) and 89% (41/46), respectively. The high U‐FDP concentrations observed in patients with non‐glomerular hematuria may reflect direct bleeding into the urinary tract. Since all 13 patients with glomerular hematuria and U‐FDP concentrations of 0.25 μg/ml or more had coexistent erythrocyte cylindruria, the U‐FDP test seems to be compensated with combined urinalysis for the relatively lower sensitivity. We conclude that a knowledge of U‐FDP concentrations by LPAT can be of help in localizing the site of bleeding in hematuria.

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Assays for Fibrinogen and Its Derivatives

1977

CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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A n n Arbor, Michigan 146 CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences *Paracoagulability is defined as the ability to gel plasma by means other than those which cause thegenerationof thrombin. October 1977 149 FIGURE 5. Electron micrograph of fibrin strands in a vessel lumen. Arrows correspond to electron-dense bands of approximately 220 A periodicity. The sample was fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmic acid and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Magnification X 93,365. (Courtesy of Dr.

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Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in children with renal disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

A Study of the Plasma Kinin-generating System in Children with the Minimal Lesion, Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

A Study of the Plasma Kinin-generating System in Children with the Minimal Lesion, Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Urinary Fibrin and Fibrinogen Degradation Products and the Origin of Hematuria

Assays for Fibrinogen and Its Derivatives

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