Fibril‐Type Textile Electrodes Enabling Extremely High Areal Capacity through Pseudocapacitive Electroplating onto Chalcogenide Nanoparticle‐Encapsulated Fibrils

Abstract

Effective incorporation of conductive and energy storage materials into 3D porous textiles plays a pivotal role in developing and designing high‐performance energy storage devices. Here, a fibril‐type textile pseudocapacitor electrode with outstanding capacity, good rate capability, and excellent mechanical stability through controlled interfacial interaction‐induced electroplating is reported. First, tetraoctylammonium bromide‐stabilized copper sulfide nanoparticles (TOABr‐CuS NPs) are uniformly assembled onto cotton textiles. This approach converts insulating textiles to conductive textiles preserving their intrinsically porous structure with an extremely large surface area. For the preparation of textile current collector with bulk metal‐like electrical conductivity, Ni is additionally electroplated onto the CuS NP‐assembled textiles (i.e., Ni‐EPT). Furthermore, a pseudocapacitive NiCo‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) layer is subsequently electroplated onto Ni‐EPT for the cathode. The formed NiCo‐LDH electroplated textiles (i.e., NiCo‐EPT) exhibit a high areal capacitance of 12.2 F cm−2 (at 10 mA cm−2), good rate performance, and excellent cycling stability. Particularly, the areal capacity of NiCo‐EPT can be further increased through their subsequent stacking. The 3‐stack NiCo‐EPT delivers an unprecedentedly high areal capacitance of 28.8 F cm−2 (at 30 mA cm−2), which outperforms those of textile‐based pseudocapacitor electrodes reported to date.

Emerging Challenges in Textile Energy Electrodes: Interfacial Engineering for High‐Performance Next‐Generation Flexible Energy Storage Devices

“…The reported results clearly indicate that the efficient use of textiles is highly dependent on the appropriate modulation of interfacial conditions between the extremely large surface area of the textile and the functional materials deposited thereon, which affects the electrochemical performance of the fabricated textile energy electrodes (Table 1 and 2). [20,22,23,25,26,[28][29][30]139,166,[169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186]…”

“…This possibility has been recently demonstrated by systematically performing the metal electroplating on the LRR-LbL-assembled metal NP layer (i.e., seed layer)-coated textiles. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] In this case, the electrical properties of the seed layer were optimized to achieve a sufficiently low sheet resistance. This optimization allowed for an efficient application of the metal electroplating process by minimizing the number of metal NP layers.…”

“…This is achieved by performing metal electroplating on the textile with a few metal NP layers (i.e., the textile with minimal electrical conductivity suitable for metal electroplating). [ 23–29 ]…”

“…This is achieved by performing metal electroplating on the textile with a few metal NP layers (i.e., the textile with minimal electrical conductivity suitable for metal electroplating). [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] To utilize textile conductors as the basis for textile energy electrodes including SCs or various types of batteries (e.g., lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium-sulfur (Li-S), or lithiumair (Li-O 2 ) batteries), active components, such as transition metal oxides (TMOs), are further incorporated by the conventional slurry casting process. [15,[30][31][32] However, the presence of insulating polymer binders in the slurries poses a challenge to efficient charge transfer between adjacent active components, resulting in numerous contact resistances at their interfaces.…”

Carbon Nanocluster‐Mediated Nanoblending Assembly for Binder‐Free Energy Storage Electrodes with High Capacities and Enhanced Charge Transfer Kinetics

“…[10][11][12] As a promising approach for enhancing this areal performance, highly porous and conductive fibril-type textiles have attracted much attention as three-dimensional (3D) current collectors due to their large specific surface area for high mass loading of active components. [13][14][15] That is, blended slurries of electrode components, which are typically composed of powder-type active materials (e.g., metal oxides (MOs)), conductive carbon additives (e.g., carbon blacks (CBs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)), and polymeric binders, [16] are deposited on porous fibril-type current collectors (FCCs) using conventional coating methods, including dip coating, doctorblade coating, printing, and vacuum filtration. [17][18][19][20] Although these approaches have contributed to some improvements in the areal performance of electrodes, there are still critical issues that need to be addressed in order to further improve energy storage performance.…”