Fiber propagation of vector modes

Ndagano, Bienvenu; Brüning, Robert; McLaren, Melanie; Duparré, Michael; Forbes, Andrew

doi:10.1364/oe.23.017330

Cited by 106 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Here A (r, φ) reflects the two enveloping amplitudes (for the two signs of ). For example, they can be tailored to produce vector OAM Bessel beams [44], or the amplitude terms required for step-index fibre [45] and free-space [46] propagation. The amplitude envelop is, however, often factored out of the mathematical expression of vector beams (and scalar OAM modes) because it is common to use the OAM component as the information carrier.…”

Section: (C) and (D)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation and Detection of Vector Vortex Modes for Classical and Quantum Communication

Ndagano

Nape

Cox

et al. 2018

J. Lightwave Technol.

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246

128

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Vector vortex beams are structured states of light that are non-separable in their polarisation and spatial mode, they are eigenmodes of free-space and many fibre systems, and have the capacity to be used as a modal basis for both classical and quantum communication. Here we outline recent progress in our understanding of these modes, from their creation to their characterization and detection. We then use these tools to study the propagation behaviour of such modes in free-space and optical fibre and show that modal cross-talk results in a decay of vector states into separable scalar modes, with a concomitant loss of information. We present a comparison between probabilistic and deterministic detection schemes showing that the former, while ubiquitous, negates the very benefit of increased dimensionality in quantum communication while reducing signal in classical communication links. This work provides a useful introduction to the field as well as presenting new findings and perspectives to advance it further.

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Section: (C) and (D)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation and Detection of Vector Vortex Modes for Classical and Quantum Communication

Ndagano

Nape

Cox

et al. 2018

J. Lightwave Technol.

Self Cite

246

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Advancing this further, fiber laser cavities have also been modified to include a photonic crystal grating [21], a long period grating [8] or a fiber Bragg grating [13,22] to convert the fundamental mode to higher-order modes to allow simultaneous excitation of two or more different modes. Grating-based few mode fiber lasers effectively reduce insertion loss but require high fabrication accuracy and prohibit any change of launch characteristics arising from environmental factors such as bends and strain [23].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laguerre-Gaussian mode division multiplexing in multimode fiber using SLMs in VCSEL arrays

Amphawan

Fazea

2016

J. Eur. Opt. Soc.-Rapid Publ.

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Mode division multiplexing (MDM) is a promising technology for increasing the aggregate bandwidth of multimode fiber (MMF) in conjunction with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) in face of the impending capacity crunch in optical fiber networks. This paper investigates the effect of radial and azimuthal mode spacings in a 25-channel MDM-WDM system in MMF using a spatial light modulator-controlled VCSEL array for excitation of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes. A data rate of 25Gbps is achieved at a central wavelength of 1550.12 nm. The effects of different azimuthal and radial mode spacings of LG modes are analyzed in terms of the channel impulse response, eye diagram and bit-error rate.

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“…For example, the decrease of quality in the interferometric measurement can be associated to the perturbations introduced by the system. This approach provides a useful tool for applications in optical communication in both free-space and optical fibers [11][12][13], a hot topic nowadays due to the realization of a pending bandwidth "capacity crunch".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid quantum eraser scheme for characterization of free-space and fiber communication channels

Nape

Kyeremah

Vallés

et al. 2018

Optics Communications

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We demonstrate a simple projective measurement based on the quantum eraser concept that can be used to characterize the disturbances of any communication channel. Quantum erasers are commonly implemented as spatially separated path interferometric schemes. Here we exploit the advantages of redefining the which-path information in terms of spatial modes, replacing physical paths with abstract paths of orbital angular momentum (OAM). Remarkably, vector modes (natural modes of free-space and fiber) have a non-separable feature of spin-orbit coupled states, equivalent to the description of two independently marked paths. We explore the effects of fiber perturbations by probing a step-index optical fiber channel with a vector mode, relevant to high-order spatial mode encoding of information for ultra-fast fiber communications.

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Fiber propagation of vector modes

Cited by 106 publications

References 28 publications

Creation and Detection of Vector Vortex Modes for Classical and Quantum Communication

Creation and Detection of Vector Vortex Modes for Classical and Quantum Communication

Laguerre-Gaussian mode division multiplexing in multimode fiber using SLMs in VCSEL arrays

A hybrid quantum eraser scheme for characterization of free-space and fiber communication channels

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